茶树冠层温度与大气温度变化规律及相互关系  

Variation and Relationship between Tea Tree Canopy Temperature and Atmospheric Temperature

作　　者：陶瑶 余焰文 杨爱萍[4] 吴文心 陈娇娇 蔡哲[4] 张晓芳 TAO Yao;YU Yan-wen;YANG Ai-ping;WU Wen-xin;CHEN Jiao-jiao;CAI Zhe;ZHANG Xiao-fang(Shangrao Meteorological Bureau of Jiangxi Province,Shangrao 334000,China;Nanchang Agrometeorological Experimental Station,Nanchang 330200;Fuzhou Meteorological Bureau of Jiangxi Province,Fuzhou 344000;Jiangxi Agricultural Meteorological Center,Nanchang 330096;Wuyuan Meteorological Bureau,Shangrao 333200)

机构地区：[1]江西省上饶市气象局,上饶334000 [2]南昌农业气象试验站,南昌330200 [3]江西省抚州市气象局,抚州344000 [4]江西省农业气象中心,南昌330096 [5]婺源县气象局,上饶333200

出　　处：《中国农业气象》2024年第12期1438-1449,共12页Chinese Journal of Agrometeorology

基　　金：南昌市农业气象重点实验室开放研究基金课题(2020NNZS203);江西省气象局青年人才培养项目(JX2023Q03)。

摘　　要：冠层-环境温度差可间接监测茶树热量和水分变化,茶树冠层温度与茶园大气温度的时滞效应会影响监测效果。为探明两者的时滞效应与变化规律,基于2020年3-9月婺源地区茶园小气候站和附近国家气象站监测资料,分析不同茶叶采摘季和不同天气类型下,茶树冠层和茶园大气温度的变化特征。采用线性回归方法,按不同天气类型分别建立日平均冠层温度和茶园大气温度推算模型并进行检验,为茶叶气象服务提供数据支撑。结果表明:(1)不同茶叶采摘季和不同天气类型下,茶树冠层和茶园大气温度的日变化都呈明显单峰变化趋势,但冠层温度的变化强度大于茶园大气温度,且达到峰值的时间早于茶园大气温度1h左右。(2)全天24h内冠-气小时温差总体表现为春茶>秋茶>夏茶,晴天>多云>阴雨天;中午前后冠层温度高于或接近茶园大气温度,阴雨天各时次冠层温度均比茶园大气温度偏低。(3)从日平均气温看,冠层温度低于茶园大气温度1~2℃,但两者变化趋势一致。(4)日平均冠层温度和茶园大气温度推算模型均通过了0.01水平显著性检验,模拟效果总体较好,其中茶园大气温度推算模型效果好于冠层温度;不同天气类型下,阴雨天温度推算模型效果最好,晴天次之,多云天气类型相对较差。The difference of canopy-air temperature can indirectly monitor the variation of tea tree heat and moisture.However,the time lag effect between the tea tree canopy temperature and atmospheric temperature of tea plantation will affect the monitoring effect.In order to explore the time lag effect and the variation law between canopy temperature and atmospheric temperature,the variation characteristics of tea tree canopy temperature and atmospheric temperature of tea plantation during different tea picking seasons and different weather types were analyzed based on the monitoring data of microclimate station in tea plantation and near national meteorological station in Wuyuan from March to September in 2020.The simulated models of daily average canopy temperature and atmospheric temperature of tea plantation according to different weather types were established through the linear regression method and tested to provide data support for tea meteorological service.The results showed that:(1) the diurnal variation of tea tree canopy temperature and atmospheric temperature of tea plantation showed anobviously single-peak trend during different tea picking seasons and different weather types, while the changeintensity of canopy temperature was greater than that of atmospheric temperature of tea plantation, and the peak timeof canopy temperature was generally about 1h earlier than that of atmospheric temperature of tea plantation. (2) Thepoint temperature difference of tea tree canopy and atmospheric temperature of tea plantation within 24h a day weregenerally ranked as spring tea>autumn tea>summer tea, sunny days>cloudy days>rainy days. In general, thecanopy temperature was above or near to the atmospheric temperature of tea plantation around noon, while thecanopy temperature was lower than the atmospheric temperature of tea plantation at all times in rainy days. (3) Fromthe aspects of daily average temperature, it showed that the canopy was generally lower (1-2℃) than which in theatmosphere, but the changing trend was

关 键 词：茶树 冠层温度 大气温度 时滞效应 相关模型 

分 类 号：S571.1[农业科学—茶叶生产加工] S162.5[农业科学—作物学]