基于MDT模式进食塑形性食物应用于食管癌术后患者的效果观察  

Observation of the Impact of MDT Model-based Dietary Intervention on Postoperative Esophageal Cancer Patients

作　　者：郭亚杰 邹其云 贾佳 杜茜茜 GUO Yajie;ZOU Qiyun;JIA Jia;DU Qianqian(The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University,Henan Cancer Hospital,Zhengzhou 450003;Gastroenterology Department of Puyang People′s Hospital,Puyang,China,457000)

机构地区：[1]郑州大学附属肿瘤医院(河南省肿瘤医院),河南郑州450003 [2]濮阳市人民医院胃肠外科,河南濮阳457000

出　　处：《食管疾病》2024年第4期274-278,共5页Journal of Esophageal Diseases

摘　　要：目的观察进食塑形性食物在食管癌术后患者中的效果。方法选取2019年11月至2020年5月郑州大学附属肿瘤医院胸外科收治的食管癌手术患者120例为研究对象,采用随机抽样法分为观察组和对照组各60例。对照组采取常规饮食宣教,多模式的指导,宣教及延续护理;观察组在对照组的基础上指导患者术后早期经口进食塑形性食物。观察术后1个月两组患者的吻合口狭窄率、营养状况及生活质量。患者的营养状况采用生化指标及PG-SGA进行观测,生活质量采用QLQ-C30进行观测。结果观察组吻合口狭窄发生率(3.33%)低于对照组(16.67%)(P<0.05);观察组BMI(23.65±2.32)、血清白蛋白(63.71±5.85)、血红蛋白(125.43±10.35)水平均显著高于对照组[分别为(22.11±2.53)、(60.11±7.79)、(113.11±15.01)](P<0.05);观察组PG-SGA均分(4.68±1.43)低于对照组均分(6.71±2.39)(P<0.05);观察组生活质量在术后疲倦、食欲下降、便秘、腹泻均分低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论食管癌患者术后早期进食塑形性食物对预防吻合口狭窄有显著效果,能够有效提升患者术后营养状况,提高患者生活质量和临床耐受性。Objective To explore the effect of eating plastic food in patients after esophageal cancer(EC)surgery.Methods 120 patients with EC who were admitted to our hospital from November 2019 to May 2020 were selected and divided randomly into the observation group and the control group,with 60 cases in each.The control group patients received routine diet education,multi-mode guidance,education,and continuous nursing.The observation group patients were guided to eat plastic food early postoperatively on the basis of the control group.The anastomotic stenosis rate,nutritional status,and quality of life of the two groups were observed one month after surgery.The nutritional status of patients was observed by biochemical indicators and PG-SGA,and the quality of life was observed by QLQ-C30.Results The incidence of anastomotic stenosis in the observation group(3.33%)was lower than that in the control group(16.67%),P<0.05;the BMI(23.65±2.32),serum albumin(63.71±5.85),and hemoglobin(125.43±10.35)levels in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group(22.11±2.53),(60.11±7.79),and(113.11±15.01),P<0.05.The average PG-SGA score of the observation group(4.68±1.43)was lower than that of the control group(6.71±2.39),P<0.05.The average scores of postoperative fatigue,loss of appetite,constipation,and diarrhea in the observation group were lower than those in the control group,P<0.05.Conclusion Early postoperative eating of plastic food has a significant effect on the prevention of anastomotic stenosis in patients with EC,which can effectively improve the postoperative nutritional status,life quality and the clinical tolerance of patients.

关 键 词：食管癌 吻合口狭窄 塑形性食物 营养支持 生活质量 

分 类 号：R571[医药卫生—消化系统]