牧民对放牧管理-鼠害防控-草地退化关系的认识和看法-以青海省河南县为例  

INVESTIGATION AND ANALYSIS OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN GRAZING MANAGEMENT,RODENT CONTROL,AND GRASSLAND DEGRADATION FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF HERDERS-TAKING HENAN COUNTY,QINGHAI PROVINCE AS AN EXAMPLE

作　　者：徐祎 罗俊文 杨超[1] 周喜 喻望 邓粤华 卡着才让 祁学忠 马戈亮 李文金[1] XU Yie(College of Ecology,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou Gansu 730000,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州大学生态学院,甘肃兰州730000 [2]河南蒙古族自治县草原工作站,青海河南811599

出　　处：《青海草业》2024年第4期36-42,共7页Qinghai Prataculture

基　　金：中央林草科技推广示范项目(青(2023)TG10);国家自然科学基金面上项目(32271761);2023年青海省“昆仑英才·高端创新创业人才”项目及青海省“昆仑英才·科技领军人才”项目。

摘　　要：牧民是全球草地治理的核心和关键,然而很少研究牧民是如何认识放牧管理与鼠害防控和草地退化三者之间的关系。本研究通过调查问卷的形式,分析牧民对放牧管理与鼠害防控和草地退化三者关系的看法。结果显示:(1)牧民认为影响草地退化的三大主要因素依次是鼠害(27%)、过度放牧(20%)和气候干旱(18%);(2)尽管超过70%的牧民认为轮牧比不轮牧更有利于草原健康,但43%的牧民草场仍然是全年放牧;(3)对于鼠害与草地退化的关系,32%的牧民认为鼠害是草地退化的原因,26%的牧民认为鼠害是草地退化的结果;(4)61%的牧民认为灭鼠能增加草地生产力,有利于退化草地恢复。通过上述分析,反映了该地区牧民对合理的放牧管理认知较为清晰,而对鼠害认知有明显分歧,但基本上认可鼠害防控活动。Herdsmen are the core and key to global grassland governance,yet there is limited research on how herdsmen perceive the relationship between grazing management,rodent pest control,and grassland degradation.This study,through a survey questionnaire,analyzed the views of herdsmen on the relationship between grazing management,rodent pest control,and grassland degradation.The results revealed:(1)Herdsmen believe that the three primary factors affecting grassland degradation are rodent infestations(27%),overgrazing(20%),and climate drought(18%);(2)Although over 70%of herdsmen believe that rotational grazing is more beneficial for grassland health than non-rotational grazing,43%of them still graze their grasslands year-round;(3)Regarding the relationship between rodent infestations and grassland degradation,32%of herdsmen believe that rodent infestations are the cause of grassland degradation,while 26%believe they are a result of grassland degradation;(4)61%of herdsmen believe that rodent control can increase grassland productivity and facilitate the restoration of degraded grasslands.Through the above analysis,it reflects that the herdsmen in the region have a clear understanding of reasonable grazing management,but there are significant differences in their understanding of rodent pest control,yet they generally recognize rodent pest prevention and control activities.

关 键 词：高寒草甸 过度放牧 鼠害 草地退化 

分 类 号：S812[农业科学—草业科学]