“永远不要面具”:霍桑《红字》中的蒙面伦理  

"Never Want a Mask":The Ethics of Veiling in Nathaniel Hawthorne's The Scarlet Letter

作　　者：胡杰[1] Hu Jie

机构地区：[1]西南科技大学外国语学院

出　　处：《英语文学研究》2024年第2期145-159,共15页Journal of Literature in English

基　　金：西南科技大学校级科研项目“霍桑共同体思想在新英格兰三部曲中的再现及嬗变研究”(23SX6080)的阶段性研究成果

摘　　要：法国哲学家列维纳斯提出的他者理论,承认了他人的绝对地位,强调自我与他者的绝对分离与陌生化。这碰巧在19世纪美国作家霍桑为其作品撰写的多篇序言中所表达的自我蒙面态度中找到了先例,但需要说明的是这种自我蒙面不是其短篇小说《教长的黑面纱》中教长的蒙面。从哲学角度来说,前者是富有弹性且具有伦理距离的面纱;后者是僵化、隔绝他者的面具。本文认为直到《红字》出版,霍桑才真正接近了列维纳斯的他者理论,以及后者提出的自我是面向他者的责任主体的伦理思考。The ethics of"the other",which was put forward by French philosopher Immanuel Levinas in the 1960s,both admitted the absolute status of"others"and emphasized the absolute distance and strangeness between self and the other.Levinas's ethics happens to find a precedent in the idea of self-veiling which the 19^(th)-century American novelist Nathaniel Hawthorne wrote in many of the prefaces to his works.What is to be made clear is that this self-veiling idea was by no means exemplified by"The Minister's Black Veil",for the former represents a veil of resilient and ethical distance while the latter signifies the petrified and isolated mask.This paper maintains that not until the publication of The Scarlet Letter,had Hawthorne formed a similar version of Levinas's theory of the other and a similar view of the self as ethical subject shouldering obligations for others.

关 键 词：霍桑 自我蒙面 列维纳斯 他者理论 责任主体 

分 类 号：I712.074[文学—其他各国文学]