论刑事案件中行政认定的法律性质及其审查路径  

On the Legal Nature of Administrative Identification in Criminal Cases and Its Examination Path

作　　者：朱子骁 Zhu Zixiao(Macao University of Science and Technology,Macao,999078,China)

机构地区：[1]澳门科技大学,中国澳门999078

出　　处：《湖南警察学院学报》2024年第5期85-93,共9页Journal of Hunan Police Academy

摘　　要：在刑事诉讼程序中,行政机关作出的行政认定,处于行政法和刑法的界槛,本应接受行政诉讼和刑事诉讼的双重审查,实质上却被排除于两者的审查之外。作为双面性存在的行政认定,既是刑事司法权的一个载体,它介入刑事司法之后而成为刑事诉讼的证据;又是行政权的一个载体,因而它具备行政法上行政决定的性质。避免行政认定使行政犯沦为“废除或者限制自由”的入罪口袋需要架构一座穿越行刑鸿沟的桥梁。于此,根本之路径应允许利害关系一方在刑事程序之外另开行政诉讼审查;第二条路径,是在当下刑事程序之内引入行政诉讼的审查规则,由刑事审判法院按照行政诉讼的审查规则审查行政认定,从而改变当前行政认定拘束刑事判决的现状。In the criminal procedure,the administrative cognizance made by the administrative organ is at the threshold of the administrative law and the criminal law.It should be subject to the dual examination of the administrative litigation and the criminal procedure,but it is essentially excluded from the examination of both.As a double-sided existence,administrative cognizance is not only a carrier of criminal judicial power,which becomes the evidence of criminal procedure after it is involved in criminal justice,but also a carrier of administrative power,so it has the nature of administrative decision in administrative law.How to avoid administrative cognizance from making administrative crime become the guilty pocket of"abolishing or restricting freedom"?We need to build a bridge across the gap between administrative law and criminal law.Therefore,the fundamental path should allow the interested party to open an administrative litigation review in addition to the criminal procedure.The second path is to introduce the review rules of administrative litigation into the current criminal procedure,and the criminal trial court will review the administrative cognizance according to the review rules of administrative litigation,so as to change the current situation of administrative cognizance binding criminal judgments.

关 键 词：行政认定 法律性质 刑事证据 行政确认 审查路径 

分 类 号：D925.2[政治法律—诉讼法学]