南太行山区聚落空间格局特征及其影响因子——以河南新乡地区为例  

Spatial Pattern Characteristics of Settlements and Influencing Factors Thereof in the Southern Taihang Mountain Area:A Case Study of Xinxiang,Henan Province

作　　者：葛敬天 张玥 赵森 董璁[2] GE Jingtian;ZHANG Yue;ZHAO Sen;DONG Cong(Beijing Forestry University;School of Landscape Architecture,Beijing Forestry University;Research Institute of Highway,Ministry of Transport;Key Laboratory of Transport Industry of Environmental Protection Technologies for Highway Traffic,Ministry of Transport)

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学 [2]北京林业大学园林学院 [3]交通运输部公路科学研究所 [4]交通运输部公路交通环境保护技术交通运输行业重点实验室

出　　处：《风景园林》2024年第12期96-104,共9页Landscape Architecture

摘　　要：【目的】南太行山区是中部地区重要的生态屏障,探究南太行山区聚落空间格局特征及其影响因子对聚落的保护和发展具有重要意义。【方法】提取聚落斑块,通过景观指数、最小累积阻力模型量化河南省新乡地区南太行山区聚落空间格局,并通过指标聚类分析聚落基本类型,再运用地理加权回归模型探索该地区聚落空间格局特征的影响因子。【结果】1)研究区内聚落空间格局特征存在显著地域性差异,聚落邻近水系及道路分布,平缓地带的聚落规模较大、密度高且形态较复杂,深山区聚落则规模小、密度低且形态较规则。2)区域内聚落可根据地形条件分为6类,其中小规模中密度条带型聚落数量在全域最多,是山区聚落中最常见的类型;数量中等的2类聚落规模较大、密度高、形状较复杂,多分布在山前平原、丘陵区及盆地;规模最大、密度较高且边缘规则的聚落数量最少,位于平原地带。3)降水、气温是影响聚落规模的主要因素,高程、人口规模、坡度、可达性、与水系和耕地的距离、耕地面积等也对聚落规模产生影响。其他体现聚落形状特征、邻近特征的景观格局指数的影响因子,大部分回归结果不理想,模型解释力较弱。【结论】研究基于地理网格精确描绘了南太行山区聚落的空间格局特征和基本类型,并运用地理加权回归模型揭示了影响因子及其空间异质性。在推进乡村振兴时,应结合上述成果合理规划,确保可持续发展。[Objective]Rural settlements in mountainous areas encounter challenges that are typically more severe and complex than those in plain areas.The South Taihang Mountain area is an important ecological barrier in central China.It is of great significance to explore the spatial pattern characteristics of settlements in the South Taihang Mountain area and influencing factors thereof for the protection and development of settlements.Nonetheless,little attention has been paid to the macro-scale research on the spatial patterns of settlements in the South Taihang Mountain area.This research seeks to answer three key questions:What typical settlement types exist in this area?How are these settlements distributed?And what are the key factors influencing the formation of these settlement patterns in the South Taihang Mountain area?[Methods]Upon extraction of settlement patches,relevant landscape indices and the minimum cumulative resistance(MCR)model are used to quantitatively study the spatial pattern of settlements in the South Taihang Mountain area in Xinxiang,with corresponding statistics being collected.The cluster analysis is carried out on the index data,and the basic types and distribution rules of settlements in the research area are summarized.On this basis,the geographically weighted regression(GWR)model is used to further explore the influencing factors of the spatial pattern characteristics of settlements in this area.[Results]1)The spatial pattern characteristics of settlements in the South Taihang Mountain area in Xinxiang have significant regional differences,and the spatial distribution of such settlements gradually changes with the terrain.Generally speaking,the settlements in the gentle zone have larger scale,higher density and more complex edge morphology,while the settlements in the deep mountain area have smaller scale,lower density and more regular edge morphology.The settlements in the research area are characterized by significant agglomeration and distribution.2)According to the spatial pattern cha

关 键 词：乡村振兴 乡村聚落 空间格局 影响因子 景观指数 聚类分析 地理加权回归 南太行山区 

分 类 号：TU982.29[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]