复杂多跑道机场离场运行的动态协同调度  

Dynamic collaborative scheduling of departure operations of complex multi-runway airport

作　　者：马晓萱 张军峰[1] 朱玲 MA Xiaoxuan;ZHANG Junfeng;ZHU Ling(College of Civil Aviation,Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing 210000,China)

机构地区：[1]南京航空航天大学,民航学院,南京210000

出　　处：《交通运输工程与信息学报》2024年第4期154-165,共12页Journal of Transportation Engineering and Information

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52372315);南京航空航天大学研究生科研与实践创新计划项目(xcxjh20230734)。

摘　　要：多跑道机场内离场航班运行效率低下会导致机坪-跑道-空域系统容流失衡,进而引发空中交通堵塞和航班地面延误等问题。为实现高效有序的离场航班管理,提出了多跑道机场离场航班的动态协同调度模型。首先,以最小化离场航班机位等待时间为目标,综合考虑尾流间隔、长航线航班放行间隔、走廊口间隔、非默认跑道起飞间隔、港湾区推出间隔等约束限制,引入基于滚动时间窗控制的动态排序策略,建立离场航班动态协同调度模型。其次,在分配航班运行时间的基础上,引入分配运行跑道的调度策略。最后,以广州白云国际机场为实例进行验证,采用进离场需求不同的三组运行数据构建仿真数据集。仿真结果表明,本文提出的动态排序策略可以在不显著降低目标函数值的前提下,在早高峰时间段内令求解时间下降97%。此外,对离场航班同时分配运行时间和运行跑道的调度策略能够显著缓解航班延误问题。进一步,模拟了实际运行中不同的走廊口间隔标准对离场运行的影响,由此发现,YIN走廊口放行间隔标准需设置在3.5 min以内,以维持离港航班正常率。再进一步,针对塔台管制提出了全向离场运行条件下的管制放行建议。The inefficient operation of departure flights in multi-runway airports can lead to an imbalance between capacity and efficiency in the ramp-runway-airspace system,causing air traffic congestion and flight delays on the ground.With the objective of achieving efficient departure flight management,this paper proposes a dynamic cooperative scheduling model for departure flights in multirunway airports.First,to minimize the waiting time for departure flights,the model imposes constraints on wake,long-course flights take-off,corridor,non-default runway take-off,and start-up intervals.The model also introduces an online scheduling mechanism based on rolling time-domain control.Second,a scheduling strategy is introduced for assigning runways on the basis of operation time assignments.Finally,taking Guangzhou Baiyun International Airport as an example for verification,a simulation dataset is constructed using three sets of operational data with different arrival and departure demands.The simulation results show that the online scheduling mechanism can reduce the solution time by 97%during morning peak hours without significantly reducing the objective function.The scheduling strategy of assigning both operation time and runway to departure flights significantly alleviates the flight delay problem.In addition,the impact of different corridor interval standards on departure operations in actual operations was simulated,whereby the corridor release interval standard for the YIN fix,needs to be set within 3.5 min to maintain the departure flight normal rate.Further,a proposal was made for the controller to release flights under omnidirectional departure conditions.

关 键 词：航空运输 动态协同调度 滚动时域 多跑道机场 全向离场 

分 类 号：V355.2[航空宇航科学与技术—人机与环境工程]