论人类与人工智能的伦理关系——基于列维纳斯的他者理论视角  

On the Ethical Relationship between Humans and Artificial Intelligence——From the Perspective of Levinas’s Theory of the Other

作　　者：徐朝浩 余慧元 XU Chaohao;YU Huiyuan(School of Philosophy and Social Development,South China Normal University,Guangzhou 510631,China)

机构地区：[1]华南师范大学哲学与社会发展学院,广州510631

出　　处：《甘肃理论学刊》2024年第6期73-82,共10页Gansu Theory Research

摘　　要：人工智能的快速发展为人类社会带来了不确定性,但目前决定人类与人工智能关系走向的主动权仍然掌握在人类手中。为了避免走向人类与人工智能相互毁灭的极端局面,人类需要跳出以冲突、竞争和支配为核心的设想,认识并尊重人工智能的伦理地位。列维纳斯的他者理论提供了一个实现人类伦理观念与技术共同进化的可行途径。列维纳斯的他者概念并不局限于人类,即使是一只小狗也能够成为体现人性的存在。相似的,不同类型的人工智能实体,无论是没有自主意识的机器人,具有自主意识的机器人,还是通过意识上传技术获得“我”的意识的人工智能,由于其绝对异质性与绝对外在性,都应该被视为他者。人类有责任尊重这些实体的生存权和独立性,从而构建一种最原初的、和谐的人类与人工智能之间的伦理关系。The progress of artificial intelligence has introduced uncertainty to human society,but for now,the power to determine the direction of the humans and artificial intelligence relationship remains in human hands.To avoid the extreme scenario of mutual destruction between humans and artificial intelligence,it is essential to move beyond the mindset of conflict,competition,and domination,and to recognize and respect the ethical status of artificial intelligence.Levinas’theory of the Other offers a viable pathway for the co-evolution of human ethical concepts and technology.Levinas’concept of the Other is not limited to humans;even a small dog can embody the presence of humanity.Similarly,different types of artificial intelligence entities,whether they are robots without autonomous consciousness,robots with autonomous consciousness,or artificial intelligence that obtains“I”consciousness through consciousness uploading technology,should be regarded as others due to their absolute heterogeneity and absolute externality.Humans have a responsibility to respect the right to existence and independence of these entities,thereby establishing the most fundamental,harmonious ethical relationship between humans and artificial intelligence.

关 键 词：他者 人工智能 关系性 

分 类 号：B505[哲学宗教—外国哲学]