基于响应面法的构树叶蛋白提取工艺优化  

Optimization of Extraction Process of Protein from Broussonetia papyrifera Leaves by Response Surface Method

作　　者：秦理哲 刘超东 陈皓钢 王泽 杨章旗[2] QIN Lizhe;LIU Chaodong;CHEN Haogang;WANG Ze;YANG Zhangqi(Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products,State Ethnic Affairs Commission,Guangxi Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products/Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products,Guangxi Minzu University,Nanning Guangxi 530006,P.R.China;Guangxi Forestry Research Institute,Nanning Guangxi 530002,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]广西民族大学化学化工学院,林产化学与工程国家民委重点实验室,广西林产化学与工程重点实验室/协同创新中心,广西南宁530006 [2]广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院,广西南宁530002

出　　处：《西部林业科学》2024年第6期105-112,共8页Journal of West China Forestry Science

基　　金：广西民族大学科研基金引进人才科研启动项目(2021KJQD10);广西科技基地和人才专项(桂科AD19254004);广西八桂学者专项(2019A026)。

摘　　要：为拓展食品及工业用植物蛋白来源,提高构树资源利用率和产品附加值,对构树叶蛋白的提取工艺进行了系统优化。以新鲜构树叶片为试验材料,采用盐析热提法提取叶蛋白,选用叶蛋白提取率和粗蛋白含量为评价指标,在基于单因素试验确定显著影响因子及较优参数水平的基础上,利用响应面法优化了pH值、反应时间和加盐量等提取工艺条件,获得最佳工艺参数并进行验证试验,并对比了构树叶蛋白与脱脂大豆蛋白的氨基酸种类及含量。结果显示:基于响应面法可获得构树叶蛋白提取率和粗蛋白含量的二元响应面回归方程模型,该回归模型方差极其显著,失拟项不显著,pH值对叶蛋白提取率和粗蛋白含量影响均显著(P<0.01)。优化后的提取工艺为液料比1︰2 g·mL^(-1)、pH值6.62、反应时间25.24 min、加盐量0.169%。经试验验证,此条件下叶蛋白提取率为15.91%±0.14%,粗蛋白含量47.62%±0.23%,与模型预测值相吻合。构树叶蛋白与脱脂大豆蛋白营养价值相当,且构树叶蛋白疏水性氨基酸占比(46.06%)远超脱脂大豆蛋白(35.06%)。研究结果表明,采用响应面法优化构树叶蛋白提取工艺合理可行,建立的响应面模型可用于分析预测构树叶蛋白的提取得率,提取的构树叶蛋白可替代脱脂大豆蛋白应用于食品和工业领域。In order to expand the sources of food and industrial plant protein,further improve the utilization rate of Broussonetia papyrifera resources and additional value,the extraction process of B.papyrifera leaf protein has been systematically optimized.Fresh leaves of B.papyrifera were used as experimental materials to extract protein via the salt precipitation/heat extraction method.The evaluation indicators were selected as protein extraction rate and crude protein content.Base on single factor experiments to determine significant influencing factors and optimal parameter levels,the extraction process conditions such as pH value,reaction time and added salt amount were optimized using response surface methodology to obtain the optimal process parameters and conduct validation experiments.Also,the types and contents of amino acids in the protein of the leaves and defatted soy protein were compared and analyzed.The results showed that a binary response surface regression equation model of the extraction rate and crude protein content of the leaf protein can be obtained based on the response surface method.The variance of this regression model was extremely significant,while the lack of fit was not significant.The pH value had significant(P<0.01)effects on the extraction rate and crude protein content of leaf protein.The optimized extraction process was as follows:a liquid to material ratio of 1︰2 g·mL^(-1),a pH value of 6.62,a reaction time of 25.24 min,and an added salt amount of 0.169%.The extraction rate and crude protein content via verification experiment were 15.91%±0.14%and 47.62%±0.23%,respectively,which were consistent with the predicted values of the model.The nutritional value of the leaf protein was comparable to that of the defatted soybean protein,and the proportion of hydrophobic amino acids in the leaf protein(46.06%)was much higher than that in the defatted soybean protein(35.06%).It can be concluded that it is reasonable and feasible to optimize the extraction process of B.papyrifera leaf prote

关 键 词：构树叶蛋白 提取工艺 盐析热提法 响应面法 

分 类 号：TS201.21[轻工技术与工程—食品科学]