Small cell lung carcinoma metastatic to the stomach: Commonly overlooked, limited treatment options  

作　　者：Terence N Moyana 

机构地区：[1]Diagnostic and Molecular Pathology,The Ottawa Hospital and University of Ottawa,Ottawa K1H 8L6,Ontario,Canada

出　　处：《World Journal of Gastroenterology》2024年第48期5198-5204,共7页世界胃肠病学杂志（英文）

摘　　要：Small cell lung carcinoma metastatic to the stomach,whether synchronous or metachronous,is a rare phenomenon accounting for<0.5%of lung cancers.Hence it can be overlooked by clinicians resulting in delayed diagnosis.This manuscript comments on Yang et al’s article which reported 3 such cases.The main diagnostic features are based on routine morphology comprised of small cells with hyperchromatic nuclei,scant cytoplasm,brisk mitoses and necrosis.This can be supplemented by immunohistochemistry demonstrating positivity for cytokeratin,thyroid transcription factor-1 and neuroendocrine markers as well as a high Ki-67 labelling index.Imaging modalities such as positron emission tomography/contrast computed tomography help to confirm lung origin and rule out the possibility of extra-pulmonary small cell carcinoma.The predominant mechanism of spread is most likely hematogeneous.Prognosis is generally poor since this represents stage 4 disease but survival can be improved by chemo/ra-diotherapy and palliative surgery in select cases.Though outcomes have not changed much in the last several decades,the recent Food and Drug Adminis-tration approval of immune checkpoint inhibitors was a significant milestone as was the delineation of small cell lung carcinoma molecular subtypes.Liquid biopsies are increasingly being used for biomarker studies in clinical trials to assess treatment response and prognosis.

关 键 词：Gastric metastasis Small cell lung carcinoma HISTOPATHOLOGY IMMUNO-HISTOCHEMISTRY Positron emission tomography/contrast computed tomography CHEMO-RADIOTHERAPY Immunotherapy Surgery Biomarkers Clinical trials 

分 类 号：R735.7[医药卫生—肿瘤] R574.3[医药卫生—临床医学]