Endothelial dysfunction in the kidney transplant population:Current evidence and management strategies  

作　　者：Arun Prabhahar Akshey Batta Juniali Hatwal Vivek Kumar Raja Ramachandran Akash Batta 

机构地区：[1]Department of Telemedicine(Internal Medicine and Nephrology),Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research,Chandigarh 160012,India [2]Department of Urology and Renal Transplant,Neelam Hospital,Rajpura 140401,Punjab,India [3]Department of Internal Medicine,Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research,Chandigarh 160012,India [4]Department of Nephrology,Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research,Chandigarh 160012,India [5]Department of Cardiology,Dayanand Medical College and Hospital,Ludhiana 141001,Punjab,India

出　　处：《World Journal of Transplantation》2025年第1期24-43,共20页世界移植杂志（英文）

摘　　要：The endothelium modulates vascular homeostasis owing to a variety of vasoconstrictors and vasodilators.Endothelial dysfunction(ED),characterized by impaired vasodilation,inflammation,and thrombosis,triggers future cardiovascular(CV)diseases.Chronic kidney disease,a state of chronic inflammation caused by oxidative stress,metabolic abnormalities,infection,and uremic toxins damages the endothelium.ED is also associated with a decline in estimated glomerular filtration rate.After kidney transplantation,endothelial functions undergo immediate but partial restoration,promising graft longevity and enhanced CV health.However,the anticipated CV outcomes do not happen due to various transplant-related and unrelated risk factors for ED,culminating in poor CV health and graft survival.ED in kidney transplant recipients is an underrecognized and poorly studied entity.CV diseases are the leading cause of death among kidney transplant candidates with functioning grafts.ED contributes to the pathogenesis of many of the CV diseases.Various biomarkers and vasoreactivity tests are available to study endothelial functions.With an increasing number of transplants happening every year,and improved graft rejection rates due to the availability of effective immunosuppressants,the focus has now shifted to endothelial protection for the prevention,early recognition,and treatment of CV diseases.

关 键 词：Endothelial dysfunction ENDOTHELIUM Cardiovascular disease Kidney transplantation Chronic kidney disease Nitric oxide Flow-mediated dilatation Nitro-glycerine-mediated dilatation Biomarkers 

分 类 号：R699.2[医药卫生—泌尿科学] R54[医药卫生—外科学]