丰富环境下的有氧运动对孤独症谱系障碍儿童重复刻板行为和工作记忆的影响  

Effect of Aerobic Exercise in an Enriched Environment on Restricted Repetitive Behaviors and Working Memory in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder

作　　者：王银[1] 顾琴[1] 梁冠军[1] 陈小明 魏来[1] 张何威[1] 李明娣[1] WANG Yin;GU Qin;LIANG Guanjun;CHEN Xiaoming;WEI Lai;ZHANG Hewei;LI Mingdi(Children's Hospital of Soochow University,Suzhou,Jiangsu 215004,China;Wuzhong Lehang Early Intervention Center for Special Children in Suzhou,Suzhou,Jiangsu 215128,China)

机构地区：[1]苏州大学附属儿童医院,江苏苏州215004 [2]苏州市吴中区乐航特殊儿童早期干预中心,江苏苏州215128

出　　处：《康复学报》2024年第5期443-449,共7页Rehabilitation Medicine

基　　金：苏州市科教兴卫青年科技项目(KJXW2021027)。

摘　　要：目的探讨丰富环境下的有氧运动对孤独症谱系障碍(ASD)儿童重复刻板行为和工作记忆的影响。方法选取于2022年5—12月在苏州大学附属儿童医院康复科就诊的ASD儿童62例为研究对象,采用随机数字表法,分为对照组和观察组,每组31例。2组均进行常规康复训练;此外,对照组进行小组室内散步活动,观察组采用小组室内跨越障碍物跑步的方式进行有氧运动,并且每周更换1次室内环境。15 min/次,2次/d,5 d/周,连续进行15周。治疗前后采用重复刻板行为检查表(RBS-R)进行重复刻板行为评估,采用第4版韦氏幼儿/儿童智力量表(WPPSI/WISC-Ⅳ)进行工作记忆的评估。结果治疗15周后,对照组RBS-R总分较治疗前有明显降低(P<0.05);观察组在刻板行为、强迫行为和总分上均较治疗前有明显降低(P<0.05,P<0.01);2组组间比较,观察组在刻板行为和总分上明显低于对照组(P<0.05);观察组WPPSI/WISC-Ⅳ评分中的工作记忆较治疗前有明显提高(P<0.05),对照组较治疗前无明显变化。有氧慢跑干预停止后4周,观察组RBS-R得分较干预15周时进一步降低(P<0.05)。结论丰富环境下有氧运动可以减少ASD儿童的重复刻板行为,提升工作记忆功能,并且在有氧运动停止后可持续减少ASD儿童的重复刻板行为。Objective To observe the effects of aerobic exercise in an enriched environment on restricted repetitive behaviors(RRBs)and working memory in children with autism spectrum disorder(ASD).Methods A total of 62 children with ASD who visited the Department of Rehabilitation of Children's Hospital of Soochow University from May to December 2022 were selected as the research subjects.Using the random number table sampling method,these children were randomly divided into control group(n=31)and observation group(n=31).Both the two groups underwent routine rehabilitation training;in addition,the control group participated in group indoor walking activities,and the observation group engaged in group indoor obstacle-crossing running as a form of aerobic exercise,with the indoor environment being changed once a week.The exercises were performed for 15 minutes per session,twice a day,5 days a week for 15 weeks.The repetitive behavior scale-revised(RBS-R)was used before and after treatment to assess RRBs,and the fourth edition of the Webster Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence/Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children(WPPSI/WISC-Ⅳ)were used for working memory assessment.Results After 15 weeks of treatment,the total score of RBS-R in the control group was significantly lower than that before treatment,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The observation group showed significant reductions in stereotyped behavior,compulsive behavior and total score compared to those before treatment,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05,P<0.01).When comparing the two groups,the total RBS-R score in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The working memory score of WPPSI/WISC-Ⅳin the observation group significantly improved compared with that before treatment(P<0.05),and there was no significant change in the control group compared with before treatment.At 4 weeks after the aerobic exercise intervention

关 键 词：孤独症谱系障碍 有氧运动 重复刻板行为 丰富环境 工作记忆 

分 类 号：R749.94[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学] G804.2[医药卫生—临床医学]