基于车轨耦合的地铁车轮多边形形成机理  

Formation Mechanism of Metro Wheel Polygonal Based on Vehicle-Track Coupling

作　　者：施以旋 戴焕云[1] 毛庆洲 石怀龙[1] 汪群生[1] SHI Yixuan;DAI Huanyun;MAO Qingzhou;SHI Huailong;WANG Qunsheng(State Key Laboratory of Rail Transit Vehicle System,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 610031,China;School of Remote Sensing and Information Engineering,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430070,China)

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学轨道交通运载系统全国重点实验室,四川成都610031 [2]武汉大学遥感信息工程学院,湖北武汉430070

出　　处：《西南交通大学学报》2024年第6期1357-1367,1388,共12页Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51975485,52272406,52102441);中国博士后科学基金(2023TQ0253)。

摘　　要：车轮多边形磨耗会恶化轨道车辆振动环境,导致结构部件的共振疲劳失效,严重威胁行车安全.为研究地铁车辆车轮多边形磨耗的形成机理,开展线路动态跟踪试验研究,建立车轨垂向耦合有限元模型和动力学模型,并进行轮轨长期磨耗迭代仿真分析.研究结果表明:实测车辆发生了明显的7~9阶的车轮多边形磨耗,导致车辆出现50~70 Hz的强迫振动,频率与轮轨系统耦合振动P_(2)力频率接近;通过车轮磨耗迭代仿真分析,确定了钢轨周期性接头焊缝不平顺引起的轮轨系统P_(2)力共振是导致车轮7~9阶多边形磨耗的根本原因;对钢弹簧浮置板道床和梯形轨枕道床而言,长期轮轨P_(2)力作用会分别引起8阶和15阶车轮多边形磨耗.Wheel polygonal wear will deteriorate the vibration environment of rail vehicles,lead to resonance fatigue failure of structural components,and seriously threaten driving safety.To study the formation mechanism of wheel polygonal wear of metro vehicles,the dynamic line tracking test was carried out,and the vertical coupling finite element model and dynamics model of the track were established.In addition,the iterative simulation analysis of long-term wheel-track wear was carried out.The results show that the wheel polygonal wear of 7–9th order occurs in the measured vehicle,which leads to the forced vibration of 50–70 Hz,and the frequency is close to that of the P_(2) force during the coupling vibration of the wheel-track system.Through the iterative simulation analysis of wheel wear,it is determined that P_(2) force resonance of the wheel-rail system caused by periodic irregular rail joint weld is the root cause of the 7th–9th order wheel polygonal wear.Under the long-term action of P_(2) force,the floating slab track bed and the ladder sleeper track bed of steel spring will cause 8th and 15th order wheel polygonal wear,respectively.

关 键 词：地铁车辆 车轮多边形 车轨耦合 磨耗模型 车辆动力学 

分 类 号：U270.1[机械工程—车辆工程]