老年人再就业教育适应性的现实图景与优化路径——基于参与者视角的扎根理论分析  

The Realities and Optimization Paths of Adaptability in Elderly Re-employment Education——A Grounded Theory Analysis from the Participants'Perspective

作　　者：傅蕾[1] Fu Lei(Shanghai Open Unviersity,Shanghai 200433)

机构地区：[1]上海开放大学党政办,上海200433

出　　处：《职业技术教育》2024年第34期58-66,共9页Vocational and Technical Education

基　　金：国家社会科学基金2022年度教育学一般课题“‘职继融通’服务老龄社会的路径与机制研究”(BJA220248),主持人:马丽华;浙江省高校重大人文社科攻关计划重点规划项目“‘浙里康养’视域下老年教育高质量发展研究”(2023GH048),主持人:吴思孝;上海市教育科学研究一般项目“老年教育提升长者参与社区治理能力的内在机理与优化路径”(C2024001),主持人:傅蕾。

摘　　要：老年人再就业教育是促进老龄化事业高质量发展的关键要素。通过对30名老年人再就业教育的利益相关主体进行深度访谈,基于扎根理论构建了“需求—适配—落差—提升”的老年人再就业教育适应性推演模型。依据模型可知,老年人再就业的核心特征与内生需求是逻辑起点,当前工作实践中以用人单位为主体、以岗位职责为内容、以师徒带教和自主学习为形式、以工作支持为辅助的样态固然体现适需匹配,但是仍存在参与主体类型偏少、教育内容单一、联动机制缺乏等供需落差。为此,需遵循“学习者中心”和“回归生活世界”两大原则,通过保持和创造实现螺旋上升并达到动态平衡,进而不断提高老年人再就业教育的适应性,促进老龄化事业精准、高效、可持续发展。Re-employment education for the elderly is a key element in promoting the high-quality development of the cause of aging.Through in-depth interview with 30 stakeholders involved in the re-employment education of elderly individuals,and employing grounded theory,this study explores the situational patterns of adaptability in elderly re-employment education.A"needs-adaptation-gap-enhancement"evolutionary pathway and theoretical model were constructed.The study posits that the core characteristics and intrinsic needs of elderly re-employment are the logical starting points for the adaptability of re-employment education.The current practices,which are centered on employment,contents-based on job responsibilities,forms of mentorship and self-learning,and supported by work assistance,demonstrate a certain degree of need-adaptation match.However,there remain gaps between supply and demand,such as the limited types of participants,single contents of education,and lack of synergistic mechanisms.Therefore,future optimization paths should adhere to the principles of"learner-centered"and"return to the life world",spiraling upwards and achieving dynamic balance through retention and creativity,thereby continuously enhancing the adaptability of elderly re-employment education and promoting precise,efficient and sustainable development of the aging cause.

关 键 词：老年人 再就业教育 老龄化事业 参与者视角 适应性 

分 类 号：G777[文化科学—教育学]