基于多源异构数据的自然保护地访客景观偏好时空特征研究  

Spatiotemporal characteristics of visitor landscape preferences in natural protected areas based on multi-source heterogeneous data

作　　者：夏鸿玲[1] 唐晖[2] 钟永德[2] 张志辉 XIA Hongling;TANG Hui;ZHONG Yongde;ZHANG Zhihui(Department of Architecture,Hunan Urban Construction College,Xiangtan 411104,Hunan,China;College of Tourism,Central South University of Forestry and Technology,Changsha 410004,China;Tourism Management College,University of Sanya,Sanya 572022,Hainan,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南城建职业技术学院建筑系,湖南湘潭411104 [2]中南林业科技大学旅游学院,长沙410004 [3]三亚学院旅业管理学院,海南三亚572022

出　　处：《自然保护地》2024年第4期20-37,共18页Natural Protected Areas

基　　金：湖南省自然科学基金科教联合基金项目(2021JJ60014)。

摘　　要：【目的】访客景观偏好的时空特征既反映了社会经济发展过程中访客需求的真实变化,也为优化自然保护地景观环境质量提供了宝贵参考。【方法】以南岳风景名胜区为案例地,综合运用自然语言处理、深度学习和GIS技术,基于社交媒体文本、地理标识照片和移动轨迹数据,提出了“语义、视觉、行为”多源异构数据的深度融合方法,识别了8种访客景观偏好类型,并分别从8个时空维度对访客景观偏好进行定量分析。【结果】(1)访客更偏好设施、遗迹和活动3类人文景观,生物景观的开发潜力巨大,地貌和气象景观在高海拔地区更受访客青睐;(2)景观偏好与实际资源供给存在差异,揭示了规划与访客需求的失衡;(3)访客的出游时间与农历传统节日相关,单日不同时段存在显著差异;(4)访客对自然景观的偏好逐年增加,尤其在新冠疫情期间更为明显,反映出访客亲近自然的需求。【结论】这些发现将为自然保护地的景观规划和提升提供有益参考,为实现景区可持续发展提供支持。【Objectives】The spatiotemporal characteristics in visitors’landscape preferences reflected the authentic shifts in visitor demands during the process of socio-economic development,which also offered valuable references for optimizing the landscape quality of natural protected areas.【Methods】In this study,the Nanyue Scenic Area was taken as a study case,and the research employed a comprehensive approach integrating natural language processing,deep learning,and GIS technology.A deep fusion method was proposed,utilizing“semantic,visual,and behavioral”multi-source heterogeneous data derived from social media texts,geotagged photos,and mobile trajectory data.Eight distinct types of visitor landscape preferences were identified,and a quantitative analysis of these preferences was conducted across eight temporal and spatial dimensions.【Results】The study found that:(1)Visitors exhibited a preference for facilities,relics,and activities,with substantial potential for the development of biological landscapes.In high-altitude areas,visitors displayed a heightened fondness for landforms and weather landscapes.(2)Discrepancies existed between landscape preferences and actual resource supply,shedding light on the imbalance between planning initiatives and visitor demands.(3)Visitors’travel times correlated with traditional Lunar Calendar festivals,and there were significant differences across various periods within a single day.(4)Over the years,there has been a consistent increase in visitors’preference for natural landscapes.This trend was particularly pronounced during the COVID-19 pandemic,underscoring visitors’heightened desire to connect with nature.【Conclusions】These findings will serve as valuable references for landscape planning and the enhancement of natural protected areas,contributing to the sustainable development of scenic areas.

关 键 词：自然保护地 多源数据 景观偏好 时空分析 南岳风景名胜区 

分 类 号：X36[环境科学与工程—环境工程]