国内改革与国际造法对比视角下国有企业的法律风险与应对  

Legal Risks and Responses of State⁃Owned Enterprises:A Comparative Perspective between Domestic Reforms and International Law-Making

作　　者：李思敏[1] Li Simin

机构地区：[1]陕西师范大学国家安全学院(政法与公共管理学院)

出　　处：《海关与经贸研究》2024年第5期105-124,共20页Journal of Customs and Trade

基　　金：陕西师范大学2022年国家安全专项课题(项目批准号:22PY18)。

摘　　要：在积极主动对标CPTPP等高标准经贸规则的过程中,我国国有企业国内改革与国际造法之间的差异可能导致的风险亟须得到识别和应对。从国有企业的界定和义务两大方面对比国内改革与国际造法可以发现,中国国有企业面临的法律风险主要表现为第二类商业类国有企业在国际造法中定位不明确和商业类国有企业的部分义务标准过高。该风险以国有企业存在的合理性被认可为基础,以国有企业与政府的关系为核心,集中表现为国有企业商业性的判断,以国有企业非商业性活动的分类为难点。未来,中国参与和接受国际造法时应注意扩大国有企业所能提供的公共服务范围、警惕商业考量条款,并合理利用例外条款。In the process of proactively aligning with high-standard economic and trade rules,such as those of the CPTPP,the risks arising from the discrepancies between the domestic reforms of Chinese state-owned enterprises and international legislative activities urgently need to be identified and addressed Through a comparison between domestic reforms and international law-making regarding the definition and obligations of state-owned enterprises(SOEs),the main legal risks faced by Chinese SOEs emerge:the ambiguous position of second-category commercial SOEs in international law-making and high standards of obligations imposed on commercial SOEs These risks are derived from the recogni-tion of the legitimacy of SOEs,rooted in the relationship between SOEs and government,concentrated in the determination of the commercial nature of SOEs,and confronted with challenges in classifying non-commercial behaviors of SOEs In the future,China should pay attention to expanding the scope of public services that SOEs can provide,being vigilant about commercial considerations clauses,and reasonably using exception clauses when participating in and accepting international law-making.

关 键 词：国有企业改革 国际造法 国有企业法律风险 商业考量 竞争中立 CPTPP CAI 

分 类 号：F276.1[经济管理—企业管理] D996[经济管理—国民经济]