论抵押物转让规则改革——基于《民法典》与《担保制度司法解释》的融贯性思考  

The Reform of the Rules for the Assignment of Mortgages:Based on the Coherent Thinking of the PRC Civil Code and the Judicial Interpretation of the Security System

作　　者：龙俊[1] Long Jun

机构地区：[1]清华大学法学院,北京100084

出　　处：《南京社会科学》2024年第11期83-93,共11页Nanjing Journal of Social Sciences

基　　金：国家社科基金项目“民法典中动产与权利担保体系研究”(19BFX118)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：《民法典》改物权法时期的抵押物限制转让规则为抵押物自由转让规则,并且配套了“可能损害抵押权”规则和“当事人另有约定”规则。这些规则在立法时着眼于金融机构抵押权的有效实现和社会弱势群体的特殊保护,具有一定的合理性,在实践中也确实促进了抵押物流转和保护抵押权人利益之间的关系平衡。但现有规则仍然存在模糊不清之处,特别是在居住权领域以及动产抵押领域,需要在解释论上基于《民法典》与《担保制度司法解释》的融贯性思考,对带押转让的正当性、带押转让的边界、带押转让与居住权的关系、带押转让是否适用于动产等理论和实践问题进一步厘清,促进民法中抵押物转让规则的科学化和合理化,以适应不同社会群体的均衡发展。The PRC Civil Code stipulated the rule of free assignment of mortgages,which was modified from the rule of restrictive assignment of mortgages stipulated in the period of the PRC Real Right Law,and introduced the"mortgage may be damaged"rule and the"parties'agreement prevails" rule. These rules were legislated with a focus on the effective realization of mortgage rights forfinancial institutions and the special protection of socially disadvantaged groups. They possess a degreeof rationality and have indeed facilitated a balance between the circulation of mortgaged propertyand the protection of the interests of mortgagees in practice. However, the existing rules remain ambiguous,particularly in the realms of the right of habitation and the mortgage of movables. It is necessaryto make interpretative analysis based on the coherent thinking of the PRC Civil Code and theJudicial Interpretation of the Security System, which involves further clarification of the legitimacy,the boundaries, the relationship with the right of habitation and the applicability to movables of theassignment with a mortgage, to promote the scientific and rational development of the rules governingthe assignment of mortgaged property within the civil law and to accommodate the balanced developmentof diverse social groups.

关 键 词：抵押物转让 可能损害抵押权 当事人另有约定 居住权 

分 类 号：DF521[政治法律—民商法学] D913[政治法律—法学]