注意资源对不同类型情绪词记忆的影响  

The Influence of Attention Resources on the Memory of Different Types of Emotional Words

作　　者：隋雪 岳泽明 赵梓瑶 李雨桐 Sui Xue;Yue Zeming;Zhao Ziyao;Li Yutong(School of Psychology,Liaoning Normal University,Dalian,116029)

机构地区：[1]辽宁师范大学心理学院,大连116029

出　　处：《心理科学》2024年第6期1328-1338,共11页Journal of Psychological Science

基　　金：国家社科基金教育学一般项目(BBA230066)的资助。

摘　　要：为探究注意资源如何影响不同类型情绪词的记忆,设计了两个实验,在控制注意资源的基础上考察情绪标签词与情绪负载词记忆的差异。结果发现:(1)在简单任务中,与情绪负载词相比,被试对情绪标签词回忆速度更快,正确率更高;而在困难任务中,被试回忆两类词汇的反应时与正确率均无显著差异;(2)在阈上条件下,注意资源充足,被试对两类词汇的反应时无显著差异,但情绪标签词的再认正确率高于情绪负载词;在阈下条件下,注意资源不足,被试对两类词汇再认正确率无显著差异,但对情绪负载词反应较快。结果显示:在情绪信息记忆过程中存在情绪词类型效应,并且受注意资源水平的调节。Emotions,as one of the fundamental cognitive functions of humans,are the result of long-term adaptation during the process of human evolution.Research has shown that people tend to have more profound impressions of information that carries emotions.Emotions play an important role in individuals'information processing.Language serves as an important medium for emotional expression,and among many emotional stimuli,emotional words are crucial materials for conveying linguistic information and emotional stimuli.Therefore,they are essential materials for emotion research.With the progress of research,emotional words have been further categorized into emotional-label words and emotional load words.These two types of words express different levels of emotional intensity.Furthermore,although emotionally charged vocabulary is prioritized in information processing,it is also subject to constraints imposed by attentional resources.Attentional resources may have different effects on different types of vocabulary.The role of attentional resources in the memory processes for these two types of emotional words is still under exploration.Therefore,this study examined the differences in memory for emotional label words and emotional load words to better understand how emotions influence memory and to provide guidance for learning.The number of participants was determined using G*Power 3.1 software based on effect size criteria used in previous studies.A total of 98 participants were involved in two experiments.The experimental procedure was programmed in E-Prime 2.0.In Experiment 1,attentional resources were obtained by setting different levels of interference from task-relevant words.Participants were required to memorize either 1 or 3 words simultaneously and to examine emotional label words and emotional load words of different valences under conditions of sufficient or limited attentional resources.A three-factor mixed design was employed:2(emotional word type:emotional label words,emotional load words)×3(valence:positive,ne

关 键 词：情绪标签词 情绪负载词 注意资源 记忆 效价 

分 类 号：B842[哲学宗教—基础心理学]