工作记忆刷新对负性情绪调节的影响及其迁移效应  

The Effect of Working Memory Updating on Negative Emotion Regulation and its Training Transfer Effect

作　　者：许莎 锁倩倩 何晓丽[1] 姚昭 Xu Sha;Suo Qianqian;He Xiaoli;Yao Zhao(College of Teacher Education,Ningxia University,Yinchuan,750021;Shaanxi Fashion Engineering University,Xi'an,712046;School of Foreign Studies,Xi'an Jiaotong University,Xi'an,710049)

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学教师教育学院,银川750021 [2]陕西服装工程学院,西安712046 [3]西安交通大学外国语学院,西安710049

出　　处：《心理科学》2024年第6期1363-1372,共10页Journal of Psychological Science

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目一般项目(23BSH076);宁夏哲学社会科学规划项目(22NXBSH06)的资助。

摘　　要：从认知功能视角考察工作记忆刷新对负性情绪调节的影响,并探究工作记忆刷新训练的迁移效应。实验1采用n-back任务,探索工作记忆刷新对负性情绪的影响及其对不同状态认知重评调节效率的作用。结果发现,工作记忆刷新不能显著降低负性情绪主观体验,但可以有效降低皮肤电反应,并且对有意识和自动化认知重评情绪调节均具有促进作用。实验2进一步探讨工作记忆刷新训练对情绪调节的迁移效应。结果显示,训练增益可以迁移至有意识和自动化认知重评情绪调节任务。以上结果表明,工作记忆刷新不仅可以单独作为一种内隐情绪调节方式,而且能够通过认知重评发挥更好的情绪调节效果,工作记忆刷新训练对情绪调节存在迁移效应。Difficulties in emotion regulation are associated with various psychological disorders that seriously harm individuals’health and interpersonal relationships,so it is important to explore effective methods of negative emotion regulation.In addition to cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression strategies,researchers have paid attention to the role of executive function,particularly working memory updating in emotion regulation.Some studies have shown that activating or training working memory updating can directly reduce negative emotion,while others have indicated that working memory updating decreases negative emotion by promoting cognitive reappraisal,because updating and reappraisal both involve the rapid switching of cognitive contents and the processes of replacing old information with new information.However,most studies have focused on conscious cognitive reappraisal and few studies have explored the effect of working memory updating on automatic cognitive reappraisal.Moreover,the transfer effect of working memory updating training on emotion regulation is controversial.To solve above problems,the present study used two experiments to investigate the effect of working memory updating on negative emotion regulation and its training transfer effect.Study 1 explored the effects of working memory updating on negative emotion and the relationship between updating and conscious and automatic cognitive reappraisal.Experiment adopted a 2(working memory updating:with,without)×3(cognitive reappraisal:conscious cognitive reappraisal,automatic cognitive reappraisal,none)between-subjects design.A total of 120 normal healthy undergraduate students were randomly assigned to 6 experimental conditions,20 in each group.Five testing stages within a single experimental session:baseline,unpleasant emotions evoked task,working memory updating task,cognitive reappraisal task,and emotional regulation task.Participants’subjective emotional experience and electrodermal activity(EDA)were collected.Study 2 examined the ef

关 键 词：工作记忆刷新 情绪调节 认知重评 迁移效应 

分 类 号：B842[哲学宗教—基础心理学]