不同饲养方式对育肥牛肠道菌群、血液生化指标的影响  

The effects of feeding methods on the gut microbiota and blood biochemical indicators of fattening cattle

作　　者：李文 樊新丽 罗生金 LI Wen;FAN Xinli;LUO Shengjin(Animal Husbandry Station of Hami City,Hami 839000,China)

机构地区：[1]哈密市畜牧工作站,新疆哈密839000

出　　处：《黑龙江动物繁殖》2024年第6期6-11,共6页Heilongjiang journal of animal reproduction

基　　金：新疆“天山英才”培养计划青年科技拔尖人才项目(2022TSYCJC0024);哈密市科技人才领跑工程项目(2024hmkjqnbj02)。

摘　　要：为了研究散栏、拴系饲养方式对育肥牛肠道微生物组成及血清生化、抗氧化指标的影响,试验将30头膘情良好、体重相近[平均体重为(375.40±45.01)kg]的健康西门塔尔杂交牛随机分为散栏组和拴系组,每组15头,分别采用散栏和拴系方式饲养,预试期10 d,正试期60 d。在第60天时,采集两组牛新鲜粪便及血液样本用于测定肠道菌群组成及血清生化、抗氧化指标。结果表明:拴系组和散栏组相对丰度大于1%的菌门均为厚壁菌门、拟杆菌门、螺旋菌门、髌骨细菌门,两组均以厚壁菌门为主,拟杆菌门次之;散栏组厚壁菌门相对丰度、血清高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL)含量显著高于拴系组(P<0.05),拟杆菌门相对丰度极显著低于拴系组(P<0.01),血清葡萄糖(GLU)含量极显著高于拴系组(P<0.01),肌酐(CREA)含量显著低于栓系组(P<0.05)。说明与拴系式饲养相比,肉牛育肥期散栏饲养牛只肠道厚壁菌门丰度增加,拟杆菌门丰度降低,有益于育肥牛的生长发育。To investigate the effects of free-scattered and tethered feeding methods on the composition of intestinal microbiota,serum biochemical,and antioxidant indicators in fattening cattle,30 healthy Simmental hybrid cattle with adequate body condition and similar body weight(average body weight of[375.40±45.01]kg)were randomly divided into a free-scattered group and a tethered group,each with 15 cattle.The experiment was conducted for a pre-test period of 10 d and a formal period of 60 d,and fresh fecal and blood samples were collected from two groups to determine the composition of gut microbiota and serum biochemical and antioxidant indicators at the day of 60.The results showed that the relative abundance of phylum of Firmicutes,Bacteroidetes,Spirobacteria and Patellaceae was greater than 1%in both groups,with the Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes predominating.The relative abundance of Firmicutes(P<0.05),serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL)levels(P<0.05)and serum glucose(GLU)levels(P<0.01)in the free-scattered group were significantly higher,while the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes(P<0.01),creatinine(CREA)levels were significantly lower than in the tethered group.In conclusion,the free-scattered feeding method could increase the relative abundance of Firmicutes and decrease the abundance of Bacteroidetes in the intestinal tract of cattle during the fattening period,which would be beneficial for the growth and development of fattening cattle,compared with the tethered feeding method.

关 键 词：育肥牛 饲养方式 散栏 拴系 肠道菌群 血液指标 

分 类 号：S826.4[农业科学—畜牧学]