花荚期土壤干旱对大豆豆荚同节位叶抗氧化代谢的影响  

Effects of soil drought on antioxidative metabolism of soybean pod subtending leaf during flowering and pod periods

作　　者：杜祥备 陈小飞 金文俊 雷伟侠[1] 韦志 黄志平[1] 孔令聪[1] DU Xiang-bei;CHEN Xiao-fei;JIN Wen-jun;LEI Wei-xia;WEI Zhi;HUANG Zhi-ping;KONG Ling-cong(Crop Research Institute,Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hefei 230031,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽省农业科学院作物研究所,安徽合肥230031

出　　处：《中国油料作物学报》2024年第6期1339-1347,共9页Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Sciences

基　　金：安徽省自然科学基金面上项目(2108085MC94)。

摘　　要：为明确干旱胁迫影响豆荚同节位叶早衰的生理机制,于2021-2022年在安徽合肥进行盆栽试验,采用两个大豆品种(皖豆37,干旱弱敏感品种;皖豆38,干旱敏感品种)及三个土壤水分含量(SWC)(75±5)%、(60±5)%和(45±5)%,研究了干旱胁迫对豆荚同节位叶内源保护酶系统和抗坏血酸-谷胱甘肽循环的影响。结果表明:干旱加速了豆荚同节位叶衰老,表现为SPAD降低,皖豆37降低8.0%~24.2%,皖豆38降低12.4%~32.9%。叶片中过氧化物酶(POD)活性、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性和抗坏血酸(ASA)含量显著增加,谷胱甘肽还原酶(GR)、抗坏血酸氧化酶(APX)和脱氢抗坏血酸还原酶(DHAR)活性显著降低。干旱逆境下导致豆荚同节位叶H_(2)O_(2)和丙二荃(MDA)含量升高,O_(2)~-产生速率增加,加速了衰老。SWC(45±5)%处理变幅显著高于SWC(60±5)%处理,两品种结果一致。与皖豆38相比,皖豆37由于干旱胁迫下GR和PAX活性高,提高了ASA含量,减少H_(2)O_(2)和O_(2)~-积累,减轻了膜脂过氧化程度,从而提高了对干旱逆境的抵御能力。In order to understand the physiological mechanism of drought stress affecting premature leaf senes⁃cence of the pod subtending leaf during flowering and pod period,a pot experiment was conducted in Hefei,Anhui Province from 2021 to 2022.The effects of drought stress on the endogenous protective enzyme system and ascor⁃bate glutathione cycle were studied based on the antioxidant metabolism system at soil water content(SWC)(75±5)%,(60±5)%and(45±5)%on two soybean varieties(Wandou 37,drought weak sensitive variety;Wandou 38,drought sensitive variety).The results revealed that drought accelerated the senescence of pod subtending leaf,with SPAD decreasing by 8.0%-24.2%for Wandou 37 and by 12.4%-32.9%for Wandou 38.The activities of superox⁃ide dismutase(SOD)and peroxidase(POD)and the content of ascorbic acid(ASA)were significantly increased in the pod subtending leaf,however the activities of ascorbate oxidase(APX),dehydroascorbate reductase(DHAR)and glutathione reductase(GR)were inhibited by drought stress.A large amount of H2O_(2) and O_(2)-could not be complete⁃ly removed,resulting in the increase of H_(2)O_(2) and MDA content,and the increase of O_(2)-production rate,which result⁃ed in acceleration of leaf senescence.SWC(45±5)%treatment was significantly higher than SWC(60±5)%treat⁃ment,and the results were consistent between the two varieties.Compared with Wandou 38,Wandou 37 had higher GR and PAX activities under drought stress,increased ASA content,reduced H2O_(2) and O_(2)-accumulation,and re⁃duced the degree of membrane lipid peroxidation.Therefore it improved the resistance to drought adversity.

关 键 词：大豆 豆荚同节位叶 干旱 抗氧化防御机制 

分 类 号：S311[农业科学—作物栽培与耕作技术]