基于通道光谱的长基线恒星光干涉光程差检测方法研究  

Research on the Measurement Method of Optical Path Difference of Long Baseline Stellar Interferometry Based on Channeled Spectrum

作　　者：魏炜 徐腾[1,2] 侯永辉[1,2,3] 张晓杰[1,2,3] 陈亮 WEI Wei;XU Teng;HOU Yonghui;ZHANG Xiaojie;CHEN Liang(Nanjing Institute of Astronomical Optics&Technology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing 210042,China;CAS Key Laboratory of Astronomical Optics&Technology,Nanjing Institute of Astronomical Optics&Technology,Nanjing 210042,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院南京天文光学技术研究所,南京210042 [2]中国科学院天文光学技术重点实验室(南京天文光学技术研究所),南京210042 [3]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《光子学报》2024年第11期214-221,共8页Acta Photonica Sinica

基　　金：国家重大科研仪器研制项目(No.12027802)。

摘　　要：干涉条纹快速捕获及稳定跟踪是长基线恒星光干涉的关键技术,其难点在于如何实现大动态范围、高精度光程差检测。面向天文观测需求,提出一种基于通道光谱的光程差检测方法,该方法将干涉星光进行色散,在光谱上形成多个探测通道,有效提升了相干检测范围,结合周期图与充零算法实现高精度光程差检测。实验结果表明,该方法在500~600 nm检测范围,检测精度可以达到0.75μm,动态范围达到±195μm,相关研究工作可为我国正在建设中的百米长基线恒星光干涉仪提供关键技术支撑。The spatial resolution of the long-baseline stellar interferometer can be improved to the milliarcsecond or even sub-milliarcsecond level with the extension of the baseline.The astrometric accuracy of 10 micro-arcseconds can also be achieved by combining differential delay interferometry method.A number of long-baseline stellar interferometers including VLTI,CHARA,NPOI,IOTA have been built all over the world.In China,the research on long-baseline optical interferometry technology is also actively carried out.A long-baseline stellar interferometer for astronomical observations has already been built at the Xuyi Observation Station.The interferometer consists of three 600 mm telescopes and forms a maximum baseline of 100 m.It is used to carry out astronomical high-resolution imaging and high-precision astrometric research.Fast capture and stable tracking of the fringe are the key technologies for long-baseline stellar interferometry.Achieving large dynamic range and high-precision optical path difference detection are considered as the most urgent issue.In this paper,oriented to the 100 m long baseline stellar interferometer under construction in China,an optical path difference detection method based on channel spectrum is proposed.It has low detection frequency requirements and high sensitivity,which is suitable for the application of small-aperture telescopes.In this method,the wideband fringes are expanded into different spectral channels by using dispersive elements,and the corresponding coherence length on each pixel on the detector can be greatly increased.This method effectively improving the dynamic range of optical path difference detection.On the other hand,the intensity of the interference signal on the detector can be expressed as a periodic function of the wavenumber,and the optical path difference between the starlight can be accurately solved by the number of the fringes on the detector.In stellar interferometry observation,the spectrum band is limited and is assigned to different terminal devices a

关 键 词：干涉仪 长基线恒星光干涉 通道光谱 光程差检测 干涉测量 

分 类 号：TH752[机械工程—仪器科学与技术] P111.3[机械工程—精密仪器及机械]