重视孤独症谱系障碍发生的神经生物学机制  

Emphasizing the neurobiological mechanisms of autism spectrum disorder

作　　者：肖乐 叶小姗 XIAO Le;YE Xiaoshan(School of Pediatrics,Hainan Medical University(Hainan Provincial Academy of Medical Sciences),Haikou,Hainan 571199,China;Hainan Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital,Haikou,Hainan 570312,China)

机构地区：[1]海南医科大学(海南省医学科学院)儿科学院,海南海口571199 [2]海南省妇女儿童医学中心,海南海口570312

出　　处：《中国儿童保健杂志》2024年第12期1277-1281,共5页Chinese Journal of Child Health Care

基　　金：海南省科技人才创新项目(KJRC2023C32)。

摘　　要：孤独症谱系障碍(ASD)是一种常见的儿童神经发育性疾病,其特征为社交沟通障碍和重复刻板行为,全球患病率持续上升。其病因复杂,涉及遗传和环境因素。本文系统总结了关于ASD神经病理机制的研究进展,包括突触功能、神经递质失衡、神经环路异常、神经解剖学变化以及神经炎症等。深入理解ASD的病理机制可为相关临床治疗策略的开发提供科学依据和指导。Autism spectrum disorder(ASD)is a common neurodevelopmental disorder in children characterized by impairments in social interactions and repetitive,stereotyped behaviors,with a globally increasing incidence rate.Its etiology is complex,involving both genetic and environmental factors.This article systematically summarizes the research progress on the neuropathological mechanisms of ASD,encompassing synaptic function,neurotransmitter imbalance,neural circuit abnormalities,neuroanatomical changes,and neuroinflammation.A deep understanding of the pathological mechanisms of ASD can provide scientific evidence and guidance for the development of related clinical treatment strategies.

关 键 词：儿童神经发育 孤独症谱系障碍 神经突触 神经环路 

分 类 号：R749.94[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]