以“感性意识”终结“自我意识”——论马克思的感性意识概念  

Ending "self-consciousness" with "perceptual consciousness":On Marx's concept of "perceptual consciousness"

作　　者：陈永杰 张佩颖 CHEN Yongjie;ZHANG Peiying(School of Marxism,Jiangnan University,Wuxi 214122,China)

机构地区：[1]江南大学马克思主义学院,江苏无锡214122

出　　处：《浙江理工大学学报（社会科学版）》2024年第6期678-685,共8页Journal of Zhejiang Sci-Tech University：Social Sciences

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目(23&ZD009)。

摘　　要：“感性意识”概念是马克思哲学中不可忽视的重要概念。费尔巴哈试图用直观唯物主义反驳黑格尔的思辨哲学,认为黑格尔把活生生的人类历史归结为高度思辨的自我意识的展开过程。马克思吸收了费尔巴哈在哲学上的理论贡献,同时弥补了其哲学上的不彻底性——忽视了黑格尔的辩证法和强调感性直观的本体论地位。马克思主张历史是人类感性活动的过程,意识则是人的感性活动的产物,由此消解了自我意识的内在性,与旧唯物主义和思辨哲学划清了界限。马克思以“感性意识”把握人的现实生活过程,既扬弃了“感性直观”,又彻底终结了“自我意识”。The concept of "perceptual consciousness" is an important concept that cannot be ignored in Marx's philosophy.Feuerbach tried to refute Hegel's speculative philosophy with intuitive materialism,arguing that Hegel reduced the living human history to the development process of highly speculative selfconsciousness.Marx absorbed the theoretical contribution of Feuerbach in philosophy,and at the same time made up for the inthoroughness of his philosophy,namely ignoring Hegel's dialectics and emphasizing the ontological status of perceptual intuition.Marx argued that history is the process of human perceptual activities,and consciousness is the product of human perceptual activities,thus dispelling the immanence of self-consciousness and making a clear distinction with the old materialism and speculative philosophy.It should be said that,Marx grasped the process of people's real life with "perceptual consciousness",which not only sublated "perceptual intuition",but also completely ended "self-consciousness".

关 键 词：感性意识 自我意识 感性直观 感性活动 感性 

分 类 号：A8[哲学宗教—马克思主义哲学]