闽江河口湿地围垦后土壤微生物残体碳特征  

Characteristics of soil microbial necromass carbon after reclamation of Minjiang River estuarine wetland

作　　者：吴春梅 杨柳明[1,2] 王维奇[1,2] 罗欣婕 WU Chunmei;YANG Liuming;WANG Weiqi;LUO Xinjie(School of Geographical Science,School of Carbon Neutrality Future Technology,Fujian Normal University,Fuzhou 350117;Key Laboratory of Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Process of the Ministry of Education,Fujian Normal University,Fuzhou 350117)

机构地区：[1]福建师范大学地理科学学院、碳中和未来技术学院,福州350117 [2]福建师范大学湿润亚热带生态-地理过程教育部重点实验室,福州350117

出　　处：《环境科学学报》2024年第12期360-368,共9页Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(No.42077086);福建省自然科学基金杰青项目(No.2021J06019)。

摘　　要：微生物残体碳是土壤有机碳(SOC)的重要组成部分,然而,湿地围垦情境下土壤微生物残体碳特征及其驱动因素的辨识仍较为匮乏.为探究围垦后闽江河口湿地土壤微生物残体碳的变化特征及影响因素,以闽江河口芦苇湿地、稻田和养殖塘为研究对象,对土壤理化性质、酶活性及微生物残体碳进行测定与分析.结果表明:稻田和养殖塘土壤酶活性显著低于芦苇湿地(p<0.05);土壤微生物残体碳对SOC的贡献表现为芦苇湿地和养殖塘土壤真菌残体碳对SOC的贡献显著大于细菌残体碳(p<0.05);围垦稻田后土壤微生物残体碳含量变化不显著(p>0.05),围垦养殖塘后土壤微生物残体碳含量显著降低(p<0.05).湿地土壤微生物残体碳与酚氧化物酶活性(PO)(r=0.47,p<0.05)、含水量(r=0.48,p<0.05)、SOC(r=0.76,p<0.001)、酸性磷酸酶活性(AP)(r=0.65,p<0.001)、纤维素水解酶活性(CBH)(r=0.49,p<0.05)和β-葡萄糖苷酶酶活性(r=0.57,p<0.01)呈显著正相关,与pH值(r=-0.64,p<0.001)呈显著负相关,与亮氨酸氨基肽酶(LAP)、β-1,4-N-乙酰氨基葡萄糖苷酶(NAG)和电导率相关性不显著(p>0.05).综上,湿地围垦后微生物残体碳含量呈下降趋势,且受到酶活性等理化因子的调节.本研究可为预测围垦后湿地土壤有机碳组成及稳定性动态变化提供理论支撑.Microbial necromass carbon is an important component of soil organic carbon.However,the characteristics and driving factors of soil microbial necromass carbon under wetland reclamation remain unclear.To explore the characteristics and influencing factors of changes in soil microbial necromass carbon in Minjiang River estuarine wetland after reclamation,Phragmite australis wetlands,paddy fields,and aquaculture ponds in the Minjiang River estuary were selected as research objects.Soil physicochemical properties,enzyme activities,and microbial necromass carbon were determined and analyzed.The results showed that soil enzyme activities in paddy fields and ponds were significantly lower than that in reed wetland(p<0.05).The contribution of soil microbial necromass carbon to SOC revealed that fungal necromass carbon contributed much greater than bacterial necromass carbon in reed wetland and aquaculture pond(p<0.05).However,changes in soil microbial necromass carbon content were not significant(p>0.05)after reclamation into paddy fields,while the content of soil microbial necromass carbon in aquaculture ponds significantly decreased(p<0.05).Wetland soil microbial residue carbon content was significantly positively correlated with phenol oxidase(PO)activity(r=0.47,p<0.05),moisture content(r=0.48,p<0.05),SOC(r=0.76,p<0.001),acid phosphatase activity(AP)(r=0.65,p<0.001),cellulase activity(CBH)(r=0.49,p<0.05),andβ-glucosidase activity(r=0.57,p<0.01),and significantly negatively correlated with pH value(r=-0.64,p<0.001).There was no significant correlation with leucine aminopeptidase(LAP),β-1,4-N-acetylglucosaminidase(NAG),and electrical conductivity(p>0.05).In summary,the content of microbial necromass carbon showed a decreasing trend after wetland reclamation and was regulated by physicochemical factors such as enzyme activity.This study can provide theoretical support for predicting the dynamic changes of soil organic carbon composition and stability after wetland reclamation.

关 键 词：土壤酶活性 微生物残体碳 围垦 湿地 闽江河口 

分 类 号：X171[环境科学与工程—环境科学]