新安江水库浮游植物垂向分布的类型、时空特征及影响因素  

Types,spatiotemporal characteristics,and influencing factors of phytoplankton vertical distribution in the Xin'anjiang Reservoir

作　　者：刘明亮 钱鑫浩 单亮 胡亮 施坤[3,4] 郭宇龙 张琳敏 李渊 LIU Mingliang;QIAN Xinhao;SHAN Liang;HU Liang;SHI Kun;GUO Yulong;ZHANG Linmin;LIYuan(Hangzhou Institute of Ecological and Environmental Sciences,Hangzhou 310014;Hangzhou Chun’an Ecological and Environmental Monitoring Station,Hangzhou 311799;State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment,Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing 210008;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049;College of Resources and Environmental Sciences,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450002;School of Tourism and Urban&Rural Planning,Zhejiang Gongshang University,Hangzhou 310018)

机构地区：[1]杭州市生态环境科学研究院,杭州310014 [2]杭州市淳安生态环境监测站,杭州311799 [3]中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所,湖泊与环境国家重点实验室,南京210008 [4]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [5]河南农业大学资源与环境学院,郑州450002 [6]浙江工商大学旅游与城乡规划学院,杭州310018

出　　处：《环境科学学报》2024年第12期380-389,共10页Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(No.42071333,U22A20561);中国科学院科研仪器研制项目(No.YJKYYQ20200071);中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所青年科学家小组项目(No.E1SL002);浙江工商大学“数字+”学科建设管理项目(No.SZJ2022B014)。

摘　　要：浮游植物垂向分布异质性对估算水生态系统中浮游植物生物总量具有直接影响.掌握浮游植物垂向分布的类型和影响因素,对于湖库水华预测预警和水质安全保障具有重要意义.然而,当前对于贫中营养型深水水库浮游植物垂向分布类型和影响因素的研究尚不充分.本研究以新安江水库为研究区,利用多年常规采样数据,分析了浮游植物垂向分布的类型,参数化了浮游植物垂向形态,探究了浮游植物垂向分布影响因素.结果表明:(1)新安江水库浮游植物垂向分布类型主要可以分为均一型和非均一型,均一型分布类型可用常数函数或S型函数进行量化表征,非均一型分布类型可用幂指数函数进行量化表征;(2)在春季、夏季和秋季,浮游植物垂向分布以非均一型为主,冬季以均一型为主;(3)利用水体表层温度和透明度,可以较好地对浮游植物垂向分布类型进行分类,总体分类精度为0.91,F1得分为0.89;(4)对于非均一型浮游植物垂向分布而言,水体表层温度、透明度、大气压和水体表层叶绿素a浓度是影响浮游植物垂向分布形态结构的关键因素.The heterogeneity of phytoplankton vertical distribution has a direct impact on the estimation of total phytoplankton biomass in aquatic ecosystems.Understanding the types and influencing factors of phytoplankton vertical distribution has significant implications for early warning of algal blooms in lakes and reservoirs and water quality protection.However,it is unclear about the types of phytoplankton vertical distribution and the influencing factors in oligo-mesotrophic deep-water reservoirs.In this study,we analyzed the types of phytoplankton vertical distribution,parameterized the phytoplankton vertical morphology,and investigated the influencing factors of phytoplankton vertical distribution by using multi-year in-situ sampling data from the Xin′anjiang Reservoir.The results showed that:(1)the phytoplankton vertical distribution types in the Xin′anjiang Reservoir can be divided into uniform and nonuniform types.The uniform distribution types can be quantitatively characterized by the constant function or the Stype function,while the nonuniform distribution types can be quantitatively characterized by the exponential power function;(2)the phytoplankton vertical distribution in the spring,summer,and fall is dominated by the nonuniform type,whereas in the winter,the uniform type prevails;(3)the phytoplankton vertical distribution type can be classified based on the water surface temperature and water transparency,with an overall classification accuracy of 0.91 and an F1 score of 0.89;(4)for the nonuniform phytoplankton vertical distribution,the water surface temperature,water transparency,atmospheric pressure level,and chlorophyll a concentration of the water surface layer are the key factors influencing the morphology and structure of the phytoplankton vertical distribution.

关 键 词：新安江水库 浮游植物 叶绿素A 垂向分布 决策树 

分 类 号：X524[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X835