典型机身框段垂向坠撞响应及乘员腰椎伤害分析  

Vertical crash response of typical fuselage frame section and analysis of occupant lumbar injury

作　　者：解江[1] 谢威威 崔书瑞 牟浩蕾[1] XIE Jiang;XIE Weiwei;CUI Shurui;MOU Haolei(Science and Technology Innovation Research Institute,CAUC,Tianjin300300,China;Sino-European Institute of Aviation Engineering,CAUC,Tianjin300300,China;College of SafetyScience and Engineering,CAUC,Tianjin300300,China)

机构地区：[1]中国民航大学科技创新研究院,天津300300 [2]中国民航大学中欧航空工程师学院,天津300300 [3]中国民航大学安全科学与工程学院,天津300300

出　　处：《中国民航大学学报》2024年第6期1-8,共8页Journal of Civil Aviation University of China

基　　金：天津市应用基础研究多元投入基金项目(21JCYBJC00690)。

摘　　要：为分析垂向坠撞试验中大飞机机身框段的坠撞响应、结构吸能及乘员伤害情况,首先,建立大飞机典型机身框段-座椅-乘员有限元模型;其次,对比分析了该有限元模型与试验件机身框段的失效模式和乘员响应等;最后,对机身框段不同部件进行了坠撞吸能分析,并从腰椎压缩载荷和骨盆加速度两方面分析了乘员损伤情况。仿真结果表明,机身框段-座椅-乘员有限元模型能够有效模拟机身框段失效模式、货舱地板下部结构中间支撑件区域的1处塑性铰以及两侧客舱地板支撑立柱与机身隔框连接处的2处塑性铰,乘员响应得到有效验证;从吸能情况来看,6.02 m/s垂直坠撞速度下,机身隔框、蒙皮及其连接角片都是主要吸能部件;从乘员伤害情况来看,仿真获得的乘员腰椎压缩载荷小于6672 N,骨盆加速度在人体损伤可接受区域内;由地板加速度所得的动态响应指数(DRI,dynamic response index)值相比由骨盆加速度所得的DRI值更低;某机型在6.02 m/s坠撞速度下,机身框段客舱区域生存空间得到保持,乘员腰椎压缩载荷及骨盆加速度伤害风险较小。本文研究结论可为大型民机机身结构设计提供参考。To analyze the crash response,structural energy absorption,and occupant injury of a large aircraft fuselage frame section in the vertical crash test,firstly,the finite element model of typical fuselage frame section-seat-occupant of a large aircraft is established.Secondly,the failure mode of fuselage frame section and occupant response of the test piece and this finite element model are compared and analyzed.Finally,the crash energy absorption is analyzed on different components of the fuselage frame section,and the occupant injury situation is analyzed from the perspectives of lumbar compression load and pelvic acceleration.The simulation results show that the finite element model of fuselage frame section-seat-occupant can effectively simulate the failure mode of fuselage frame section,one plastic hinge at the middle support area of the the lower structure of the cargo floor and two plastic hinges at the connections between cabin floor support columns and fuselage frames,and occupant response is effectively validated.From the perspective of energy absorption,at the vertical crash velocity of 6.02 m/s,the fuselage frame,skin and connecting corner pieces are the main energy absorbing components,and from the perspective of occupant injuries,simulation results show that the lumbar compression load of occupant is less than 6672 N and the pelvic acceleration is within the acceptable range of human injury.Furthermore,the dynamic response index(DRI)value obtained from floor acceleration is lower compared with that of pelvic acceleration.The survival space in the cabin area of the fuselage frame section is maintained,and the injury risk of the occupant lumbar compression load and pelvic acceleration is relatively small for a certain type of aircraft at a crash speed of 6.02 m/s.The research conclusion of this article can provide reference for the design of large civil aircraft fuselage structure.

关 键 词：适坠性 机身框段坠撞响应 乘员坠撞响应 坠撞吸能 乘员伤害分析 

分 类 号：V223.2[航空宇航科学与技术—飞行器设计]