吐蕃立鸟纹锦所见中西技术互动与文化交融  

The interaction of Chinese and Western Techniques and cultural integration observed in the Tubo Bird Patterued Brocade

作　　者：杨富学[1] 孙志芹[2] YANG Fu-xue;SUN Zhi-qin(Division of Humanities Research,Dunhuang Research Academy,Lanzhou 730030,China;School of Design and Art,Yancheng Institute of Technology,Yancheng 224001,China)

机构地区：[1]敦煌研究院人文研究部,甘肃兰州730030 [2]盐城工学院设计艺术学院,江苏盐城214001

出　　处：《青海师范大学学报（社会科学版）》2024年第5期41-51,共11页Journal of Qinghai Normal University（Social Sciences）

基　　金：国家社科基金项目“敦煌多元文化交融与中华民族共同体意识”(22VRC025)。

摘　　要：立鸟纹锦是6—7世纪萨珊纺织品中的流行图像,在丝路沿线广为传播,影响深远。汉文化圈工匠在模仿与借鉴的基础上促进了唐系纬锦的发展;吐蕃在不断外扩的基础上建立了纺织基地,产生了一批独具特色的立鸟纹锦。从古代纺织技术角度看,中西织造技术的交流与互鉴,对吐蕃时期的立鸟纹锦的艺术形式和织造特征的形成具有重要影响。吐蕃时期流行的立鸟纹锦,虽以中亚斜纹纬锦织造技术为主,但也巧妙吸收了汉民族织锦的技艺特征,从而让立鸟纹锦焕发出新的艺术魅力。造型丰富、独具特色的立鸟纹锦,既显示出吐蕃贵族对丝绸审美水平的提升,也生动呈现出此时期中西织工交流互鉴的史实。Standing bird pattern brocade is a popular image in Sassanian textiles from the 6th to 7th centuries.It was widely spread and had a profound impact on the Silk Road.On the basis of imitation and reference,Han craftsmen promoted the development of weft brocade in the Tang Dynasty.On the basis of continuous expansion,Tibetan empire established a textile base and produced a number of unique standing bird brocade.In view of this,the article explores the exchange and mutual learning between Chinese and western textile and weaving technologies in the Tibetan Period from the perspective of ancient textile technology,and combs the artistic form and weaving characteristics of bird shaped brocade in the Tibetan Period by using graphic data and relics.The research shows that although the popular standing bird pattern brocade in the Tibetan Period mainly used the weaving technology of Central Asian twill weft brocade,it also cleverly absorbed the technical characteristics of the Han brocade,so that the standing bird pattern radiated a new artistic charm.The bird pattern brocade with rich shapes and unique features not only shows the improvement of the Tibetan aristocrats'aesthetic level of silk,but also vividly presents the historical facts of the exchange and mutual learning between Chinese and Western weavers in the Tibetan period.

关 键 词：吐蕃 立鸟纹锦 粟特纬锦 唐系纬锦 番锦 

分 类 号：K876.9[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学] J532[历史地理—历史学]