亚临界萃取和膜技术精制元宝枫籽油的工艺优化  

Optimization of Subcritical Extraction and Membrane Technologyfor Refining Acer truncatum Seed Oil

作　　者：冉娴婷 王瑜 李立郎 张朝举 罗忠圣 彭梅 杨娟 RAN Xianting;WANG Yu;LI Lilang;ZHANG Chaoju;LUO Zhongsheng;PENG Mei;YANG Juan(College of Liquor and Food Engineering,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,China;State Key Laboratory for Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants,Guizhou Medical University,Guiyang 550014,China;Natural Products Research Center of Guizhou Province,Guiyang 550014,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州大学酿酒与食品工程学院,贵州贵阳550025 [2]贵州医科大学省部共建药用植物功效与利用国家重点实验室,贵州贵阳550014 [3]贵州省天然产物研究中心,贵州贵阳550014

出　　处：《食品工业科技》2025年第1期208-217,共10页Science and Technology of Food Industry

基　　金：贵州省科技支撑计划项目(黔科合支撑[2021]一般127)。

摘　　要：为了提高元宝枫籽油(ASO)的质量特性和储藏稳定性,对亚临界萃取得到的元宝枫籽油进行精制,以去除磷脂、过氧化物和游离脂肪酸。本文对亚临界萃取ASO的提取工艺进行优化,并对得到的原油利用膜分离技术进行脱胶精制,以膜通量,脱胶率、碘值、过氧化值、酸价为指标,对不同孔径的陶瓷膜和不同截留分子量的聚醚砜膜进行筛选。考察膜截留分子量、温度和压力对膜通量的影响;通过响应面法,确定ASO精制的最佳工艺参数。同时采用气相色谱-质谱法比较精制前后脂肪酸的含量。结果表明,当粒径为30目、萃取温度50℃,固液比为1:4 g/mL,聚醚砜膜分子量为100 kD,温度44℃,压力1.9 MPa,ASO得油率均值为35.92%,脱胶率为86.73%,通量为12.51 L/m2·h,碘值为116.93 g/100 g,过氧化值为0.06 g/100 g,酸价为3.66 g/100 g,与原油相比脂肪酸含量无明显损失。研究结果显示,用膜分离法脱胶是一种提高油脂品质的有效手段,本研究可为优质元宝枫籽油的生产提供技术支持。In order to improve the quality characteristics and storage stability of ASO,refining ASO obtained using subcritical extraction to remove phospholipids,peroxides,and free fatty acids.In this paper,the extraction process of subcritical extraction ASO was optimized,and the crude oil was degummed and refined by membrane separation technology.Using membrane flux,degumming rate,iodine value,peroxide value and acid value as indicators,ceramic membranes with different pore sizes and polyethersulfone membranes with different molecular weights were screened.The effects of membrane retention of molecular weight,temperature and pressure on membrane flux were investigated,and the optimal process parameters for refining ASO were determined through response surface methodology.An analysis of the fatty acid composition was conducted using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry both before and after refining.The results showed that,when the particle size was 30 mesh,the extraction temperature was 50℃,the solid-liquid ratio was 1:4 g/mL,the molecular weight of the polyethersulfone membrane was 100 kD,the temperature was 44℃,the pressure was 1.9 MPa,the average oil yield of ASO was 35.92%,the degumming rate was 86.73%,the flux was 12.51 L/m2·h,the iodine value was 116.93 g/100 g,the peroxide value was 0.06 g/100 g,the acid value was 3.66 g/100 g,and there was no significant loss of fatty acid content compared to crude oil.The results showed that degumming by membrane separation is an effective method to improve the quality of oil,so this study can provide technical support for the production of high�quality Acer truncatum seed oil.

关 键 词：元宝枫籽油(ASO) 亚临界萃取 膜分离 聚醚砜有机膜 脱胶 脂肪酸 

分 类 号：TS224.6[轻工技术与工程—粮食、油脂及植物蛋白工程]