航空发动机机匣三维动态位姿多目视觉测量  

Multi-view visual measurement of three-dimensional dynamic position and orientation of aero engine casing

作　　者：郭建英 梁晋[1] 叶美图 王明明 刘辉[1] 滕光蓉 GUO Jianying;LIANG Jin;YE Meitu;WANG Mingming;LIU Hui;TENG Guangrong(State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering,School of Mechanical Engineering,Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi’an 710049,China;Laboratory for Strength and Transmission,Sichuan Gas Turbine Establishment,Aero Engine Corporation of China,Mianyang Sichuan 621000,China)

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学机械工程学院机械制造系统工程国家重点实验室,西安710049 [2]中国航发四川燃气涡轮研究院强度传动试验研究室,四川绵阳621000

出　　处：《航空动力学报》2024年第11期76-85,共10页Journal of Aerospace Power

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52275543)。

摘　　要：针对航空发动机机匣刚度试验中相对位姿难以测量的问题,对常规双目视觉位姿测量方法进行了改进,提出了基于定位编码点的全局多目动态位姿测量方法。利用近景摄影测量技术获取机匣定位编码点在初始坐标系下的全局坐标,并通过矢量坐标转换方法转换至自定义的机匣数模坐标系下;运用数模编码点坐标求解多目相机外参,统一各测量相机坐标系,从而能够在自定义坐标矢量上对测量数据进行分析;通过多目动态位姿测量法获得机匣内外环测点在各变形状态下的三维坐标,进而解算出机匣测点在数模坐标系下的位移和姿态及其相对变化信息。试验证明,相对传统千分表测量方法,该方法的位移测量误差小于0.005 mm,弥补了传统测量方法难以测量试验件的不同部位相对姿态的缺点,为航空发动机机匣及相关壳体类的刚度试验提供了便捷的测量方法和可靠的数据来源。In view of the difficulty of measuring the relative position and orientation in the rigidity test of aero engine casing,the conventional method of binocular visual measurement for position and orientation was improved,a global multi-view visual dynamic position and orientation measurement method based on video dynamic measurement technology was proposed.The global coordinates of coded point on the casing under initial coordinate system were obtained by close-range photogrammetry and converted to custom numerical model coordinate system of the casing by vector coordinate transformation.The external parameters of multi-view camera were solved by using the coded point coordinates under numerical model coordinate system,and the coordinate system of each measuring camera was unified,so that the measuring data can be analyzed in the customized coordinate vector.The three-dimensional coordinates of measuring points on the inner and outer rings of the casing under each deformation state were obtained by multi-view visual dynamic position and orientation measurement method,and then the position and orientation of the measuring points on the inner and outer rings of the casing in the numerical model coordinate system as well as their relative changes were calculated.The test results showed that the displacement measurement error of the proposed method was less than 0.005 mm compared with the traditional micrometer measurement method,which made up for the disadvantage of the traditional measurement method in extracting difficultly the relative orientation of different parts of the test piece,thus providing a convenient measurement method and reliable data source for the rigidity test of aero engine casing and related shells.

关 键 词：视觉测量 航空发动机机匣 摄影测量 坐标转换 相对位姿 

分 类 号：V214.32[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]