轴向力对火箭发动机涡轮泵动力学的影响分析  

Influence of axial force on dynamic behavior of rocket engine turbopump

作　　者：苏越 许开富 高永强 廖明夫[1] 金路 王伟 邹果 SU Yue;XU Kaifu;GAO Yongqiang;LIAO Mingfu;JIN Lu;WANG Wei;ZOU Guo(School of Power and Energy,Northwestern Polytechnical University,Xi’an 710129,China;Xi’an Aerospace Propulsion Institute,China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation,Xi’an 710100,China)

机构地区：[1]西北工业大学动力与能源学院,西安710129 [2]中国航天科技集团有限公司西安航天动力研究所,西安710100

出　　处：《航空动力学报》2024年第11期434-446,共13页Journal of Aerospace Power

基　　金：国家科技重大专项(2017-Ⅳ-0001-0038);中央高校基本科研业务费(D5000210486)。

摘　　要：作为运输推进剂的重要部件,涡轮泵已成为火箭发动机的核心,其在高速运转中承受的轴向力对振动有显著影响。为揭示轴向力对动力学响应的影响机制,从接触角切入,建立轴承刚度理论模型,阐明刚度随转速及轴向力的变化规律。同时,设计包含辅助支承的涡轮泵转子试验器,发现轴向力可显著降低转子不平衡响应。进一步,利用传递矩阵法和不平衡响应,建立基于实测数据的刚度辨识方法,获得试验辨识结果并与理论值对比。研究发现轴向力引入后刚度增加了30%,同时转子振幅突增现象消失。表明轴向力对轴承刚度的改善是动力学减振的重要机理,从而为减振设计提供理论基础。As an important component for transporting propellant,the turbopump has become the core of the rocket engine.Its axial force in high-speed operation has a significant effect on vibration.In order to improve the dynamic characteristics,a theoretical model of bearing stiffness was established.The evolution law of bearing stiffness with rotational speed and axial force was clarified.Besides,a rotor tester including auxiliary supports was designed,and the influence of axial force on the rotor dynamics was explored through tests.Furthermore,through the transfer matrix method and the unbalanced response,a stiffness identification model based on the measured data was established.It was found that the stiffness increased significantly by 30%,after the axial force was introduced.And the sudden increase of the vibration amplitude did not occur.This shows that the improvement of stiffness by axial force is an important mechanism of vibration reduction,thus providing a theoretical basis for dynamic design.

关 键 词：液体火箭发动机 涡轮泵 轴向力 轴承刚度 动力学响应 

分 类 号：V434.21[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]