滑阀式压电高速开关阀特性研究  

Research on the characteristics of sliding valve piezoelectric high-speed on/off valve

作　　者：王玉文 朱玉川[1] 凌杰 陈晓明 张洺铭 WANG Yuwen;ZHU Yuchuan;LING Jie;CHEN Xiaoming;ZHANG Mingming(College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing 210016,China)

机构地区：[1]南京航空航天大学机电学院,南京210016

出　　处：《航空动力学报》2024年第11期494-502,共9页Journal of Aerospace Power

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51975275);江苏省重点研发计划(BE2021034)。

摘　　要：针对高速开关阀响应速度慢,且在开、关过程中存在阀芯冲击问题,提出一种压电叠堆驱动的滑阀式高速开关阀,利用压电叠堆作电-机转换器,提高其响应速度,采用滑阀式阀芯,避免了阀芯与阀体的刚性碰撞。建立了高速开关阀的数学模型,分析了影响其性能的关键参数,测试了样机的相关性能。仿真与实验结果表明:该高速开关阀在4 MPa压差下输出流量为3.8 L/min,泄漏量为0.48 L/min,开、关时间分别为0.6、0.65 ms,可以通过提高加工质量以减小泄漏量。相较于传统锥阀式阀芯,滑阀式压电高速开关阀关闭过程中的振动加速度降低32.8%,300 Hz工作频率下噪声从70.5 dB降至64 dB。所提滑阀式压电高速开关阀具有较高的响应速度,大幅减小了阀芯冲击,提高了使用寿命,降低了工作噪声。A spool type high-speed on/off valve(HSV)driven by piezoelectric was designed to improve the response speed and reduce the spool’s impact.The piezoelectric was used to improve its response speed and the spool valve was adopted to avoid the rigid collision between the valve spool and the valve body.The mathematical model of HSV was established,the influences of design parameters on its performance were analyzed,and the performance indexes were studied.The simulation and experimental results indicated that the HSV had a flow rate of 3.8 L/min,a leakage flow rate of 0.48 L/min,an opening time of 0.6 ms and a closing time of 0.65 ms at the pressure of 4 MPa.The leakage flow can be reduced by improving the manufacturing quality.Compared with the traditional conical valve structure,the vibration acceleration of the valve body in the closing process of the spool type HSV driven by piezoelectric actuator was reduced by 32.8%,and the noise was reduced from 70.5 dB to 64 dB at the working frequency of 300 Hz.The proposed spool type HSV driven by piezoelectric had higher response speed,weaker spool’s impact,longer service life and lower noise during working.

关 键 词：高速开关阀 响应时间 阀芯冲击 压电叠堆 滑阀 

分 类 号：V233[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程] TH137[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]