从生成词库论看汉语兼语句的确立及歧义  

Establishment and Ambiguity of Chinese Pivotal Sentence:From the Perspective of Generative Lexicon

作　　者：张烁 ZHANG Shuo(National Library of China,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]国家图书馆古籍馆,北京100081

出　　处：《华北电力大学学报（社会科学版）》2024年第6期115-125,共11页Journal of North China Electric Power University(Social Sciences)

摘　　要：从生成词库论所主张的词汇语义结构表达和语义到句法的投射原则来看,含致使义V_(1)的词汇语义结构可以较好地解释“N_(1)+V_(1)+N_(2)+V_(2)”构成兼语句的动因。然而,“N_(1)+V_(1)+N_(2)+V_(2)”在含致使义V_(1)作用下构成兼语句的句法语义并不总是明确的,当V_(1)同时具有并行义或协助义时,含致使义V_(1)的词汇语义结构在子事件数量、事件核心和相应物性结构上会发生变化,这带来了不同的歧义情况。根据生成词库论语义动态生成性的主张,V_(2)协同义和N_(2)生命性会影响含并行义V_(1)构成兼语句时的歧义情况,含协助义V_(1)构成兼语句时的歧义情况则由语境或百科知识确定。The structural representation levels of lexical semantics and mapping principle from semantics to syntax of Generative Lexicon could provide insightful explanation for the forming of Chinese pivotal sentence.To be specific,structural lexical semantic representation of causative V_(1) could explain the motivation for N_(1)+V_(1)+N_(2)+V_(2)'s forming of pivotal sentence.This is because in the qualia structure of causative V_(1),ARG2 occupies positions of two qualia roles as well as two sub-events.Nevertheless,it is not always clear,neither semantically nor syntactically,for causative V_(1) to enter N_(1)+V_(1)+N_(2)+V_(2) to form pivotal sentence.When V_(1) carries meaning of accompany or assist as well,the structural lexical semantic representation of V_(1) could change,with sub-events,event head as well as qualia structure being rearranged,which leads to different conditions of ambiguity.In accordance with the dynamic semantic generativity proposed by Generative Lexicon,V_(2)'s meaning of together and N_(2)'s animacy could affect ambiguity caused by causative V_(1) with accompany meaning,while context or encyclopedia knowledge can determine the ambiguity caused by causative V_(1) with assist meaning.

关 键 词：兼语句 生成词库 歧义 物性结构 事件结构 

分 类 号：H146[语言文字—汉语]