广西3种新归化植物入侵风险评估及其管理措施  

Invasion Risk Assessment and Management Measures for Three Newly Naturalized Plants in Guangxi

作　　者：李满 韦立权 覃永华 韦春强[2] 唐赛春[2] LI Man;WEI Liquan;QIN Yonghua;WEI Chunqiang;TANG Saichun(Guangxi Forest Inventory and Planning Institute,Naning 530011,China;Guangxi Institute of Botany,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guilin 541006,China;Guangxi Huasen Design Consulting Co.,Ltd.,Nanning 530011,China)

机构地区：[1]广西壮族自治区林业勘测设计院,广西南宁530011 [2]广西壮族自治区中国科学院广西植物研究所,广西桂林541006 [3]广西华森设计咨询有限公司,广西南宁530011

出　　处：《杂草学报》2024年第3期34-41,共8页Journal of Weed Science

基　　金：广西林业科技推广项目(编号:2023GXLK33);广西科学院基本科研业务费项目(编号:CQZ-E-1914);广西植物研究所基本科研业务费项目(编号:桂植业23010)。

摘　　要：为了更好地预防和管理广西新归化植物原野菟丝子、南美山蚂蝗和白花草木樨,2022—2023年对其分布、生物学特性和危害等进行了调查。采用多指标综合评价方法,从区域分布情况、传入定殖和扩散可能性、潜在危害性、受害对象的重要性以及危害性管理难度等5个方面建立风险评估指标体系,对这3种归化植物进行入侵风险评估,并通过对各指标定量化赋分计算得到风险值,确定风险等级和入侵潜力。结果表明,原野菟丝子、南美山蚂蝗和白花草木樨的风险值分别为1.96、0.58和0.55,原野菟丝子入侵风险为中等级,南美山蚂蝗和白花草木樨入侵风险为低等级。可见,原野菟丝子具有较强入侵性,在广西全区应加强检疫、监测和清除,预防其传入未发生区;南美山蚂蝗和白花草木樨入侵风险虽低,但已在其他地区产生危害,所以应在广西地区定期监测以防止其潜在扩散和进一步危害。In this survey,three newly naturalized plants were Cuscuta campestris,Desmodium tortuosum and Melilotus albus.To enhance prevention and management of the three newly naturalized plants in Guangxi,investigations were carried out regarding their distribution,biological characteristics and potential hazards in 2022-2023.We adopted a multi-indicator comprehensive evaluation method to establish an invasion risk assessment index system for these three naturalized plants,focusing on five aspects:regional distribution,likelihood of introduction,colonization and spread,potential harmfulness,importance of affected targets and difficulty in managing the hazards.Through quantitative scoring and calculation of each indicator,we obtained risk values to determine the risk levels and invasion potential of these plants.The results showed that the risk values were 1.96,0.58 and 0.55 for C.campestris,D.tortuosum and M.albus,respectively.C.campestris was classified to the middle risk level,while D.tortuosum and M.albus were classified to the low risk level.As was observed in this investigation,C.campestris exhibited strong invasiveness,promoting Guangxi to enhance quarantine,monitoring and eradication efforts in order to prevent it from spreading into uninvaded areas.Although the invasion risks of D.tortuosum and M.albus are low,they have already caused harm in regions beyond Guangxi.To prevent their potential spread and further harm,regular monitoring of the two newly naturalized plants should be conducted in Guangxi.

关 键 词：广西 新归化植物 风险评估 入侵 管理措施 

分 类 号：S45[农业科学—植物保护]