多中心护理实习生职业岗位选择意向及影响因素现状调查  

A survey on career department selection intentions and influencing factors among nursing interns in multicenter hospitals

作　　者：黄璜[1,2] 张慧[1] 陈晓玲 江音秀 程志鹏 杨茜 姜思娜 林宇畅 李佳露 莫浩东 陈洪 吴秀琼 HUANG Huang;ZHANG Hui;CHEN Xiaoling;JIANG Yinxiu;CHENG Zhipeng;YANG Qian;JIANG Sina;LIN Yuchang;LI Jialu;MO Haodong;CHEN Hong;WU Xiuqiong(Nanfang Hospital,Southern Medical University,Guangzhou 510515,China;The First School of Clinical Medicine,Southern Medical University,Guangzhou 510515,China;Southern Medical University Hospital of Integrative traditional Chinese and Western Medicine,Guangzhou 510315,China)

机构地区：[1]南方医科大学南方医院,广东广州510515 [2]南方医科大学第一临床医学院,广东广州510515 [3]南方医科大学中西医结合医院,广东广州510315

出　　处：《现代医院》2024年第12期1947-1951,共5页Modern Hospitals

摘　　要：目的 探讨护理实习生对科室的选择意向及其影响因素,以期为医院和科室护理人力资源管理提供科学依据。方法 通过便利抽样法,于2022年7月—2023年12月选择3所医科大学附属三甲医院的652名实习护生就科室选择意向及影响因素进行问卷调查。选用一般资料调查以及自编量表,通过描述性分析、卡方检验等统计学方法探讨实习护生的科室选择差异与相关影响因素。结果 对652份有效问卷进行结果分析显示:65.80%的实习护生愿意选择外科,38.84%的实习护生愿意选择手术室,这两类科室为最多实习护生愿意选择的科室;其中54.60%实习护生因科室的工作环境与设备,51.53%实习护生因科室内的团队和文化氛围,这两类因素占比最大;51.23%的实习护生不愿意选择儿科,48.77%的实习护生不愿意选择感染内科,这两类科室为最多实习护生不愿意选择的科室;其中67.02%实习护生顾虑到工作的风险性和患者的人群特点,65.49%实习护生顾虑工作压力和劳动强度,这两类因素占比最大;疫情因素与实习护生未来执业的态度与期望存在相关性(P<0.01)。结论 护理实习生选择科室意向受环境、社会、个人等多种因素影响,以科室环境及团队文化氛围为主;实习期间护生更需要来自医院与科室的职业教育与引导,以做好未来职业选择与规划。Objective This study aims to investigate the selection intention of nursing interns and their influencing factors,providing a scientific basis for nursing human resource management in hospitals and departments.Methods A convenience sampling method was used to conduct a questionnaire survey A questionnaire survey was conducted concerning the selection intention on departments and influencing factors of intern nurses from several tertiary hospitals affiliated to three medical universities from July 2022 to December 2023.General data investigation and self-developed scales were employed,and descriptive analysis,chi-square test and other statistical methods were used to analyze the differences in department selection and related influencing factors among nursing interns.Results Analysis of 652 valid questionnaires revealed that surgery(65.80%) and operating room(38.84%) were the most preferred departments for nursing interns.The primary influencing factors included the working environment and equipment of the department(54.60%),as well as its cohesion and cultural atmosphere(51.53%).Pediatrics(51.23%) and infectious medicine(48.77%) were found to be less favored by nursing interns.Their main concerns revolved around work-related risks and population characteristics of patients(67.02%),along with work pressure and labor intensity(65.49%).Epidemic factors have an impact on the attitudes and expectations of nursing interns towards their future practice(P<0.01).Conclusion The choice of departments by nursing interns is influenced by various environmental,societal and personal factors;primarily based on departmental environment quality and team culture atmosphere considerations.During the internship,nursing interns require more professional education guidance from both hospital administration and individual departments in order to make informed career choices and plans.

关 键 词：护理实习生 科室选择 影响因素 问卷调查 管理对策 

分 类 号：R197.323.6[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]