磷石膏对葡萄酒渣堆肥进程与品质的影响  

Influence of phosphogypsum on composting process and quality of wine residue

作　　者：郭永川 马永杰 王星明 蔺玉红 罗雁馨 王欣怡 张雪艳[1] GUO Yongchuan;MA Yongjie;WANG Xingming;LIN Yuhong;LUO Yanxin;WANG Xinyi;ZHANG Xueyan(College of Enology and Horticulture,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学葡萄酒与园艺学院,宁夏银川750021

出　　处：《浙江农业学报》2024年第10期2298-2307,共10页Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis

基　　金：宁夏回族自治区重点研发计划一般项目(国际合作项目)(2019BEH03001)。

摘　　要：为探索葡萄酒渣和磷石膏两种固体废弃物资源化利用的新途径,以葡萄酒渣和玉米秸秆为堆肥底物,设置添加0(G_0)、15%(基于堆体有机物料干质量,下同)(G_(15))、30%(G_(30))、 50%(G_(50))、75%(G_(75))、100%(G_(100))磷石膏的不同处理,探究磷石膏添加对堆肥基质化进程和腐熟后基质品质的影响。结果表明,与G_0相比,添加磷石膏能够缩短堆肥进入高温期的时间4~5 d,提高高温期的最高温度1.8~6.6℃。堆肥过程中,G_(15)、G_(30)的碳氮比下降幅度最大。堆肥结束时,G_(15)、G_(30)处理堆肥基质的容重、孔隙度、总养分含量、重金属含量、种子发芽指数均符合标准。利用各处理的堆肥基质进行黄瓜育苗试验,经主成分分析,G_(30)的综合得分最高,G_(15)次之,而G_(50)、G_(75)、G_(100)的得分为负值。综上,添加30%磷石膏的葡萄酒渣堆肥产物基质化应用效果最好,过量添加磷石膏反而会起负作用。In order to explore a new way of solid waste recycling of wine residue and phosphogypsum,wine residue and corn straw were used as the substrates for composting,and different mass fractions(based on the dry weight of organic substrates)of phosphogypsum were added as the treatments,namely,0(G0),15%(G_(15)),30%(G_(30)),50%(G_(50)),75%(G_(75)),and 100%(G_(100)),to explore the effect of phosphogypsum addition on fcomposting process and quality.The results showed that,compared with the G0 treatment,the addition of phosphogypsum shortened the high temperature period by 4-5 d and increased the highest temperature during composting by 1.8-6.6℃.During the composting process,the largest decrease of the carbon/nitrogen ratio was found under the G_(15) and G_(30) treatments.After the composting,the bulk density,porosity,total nutrients content,heavy metal content,seed germination index of the G_(15) and G_(30) treatments all fitted the corresponding criteria.The composting products of all treatments were used as the substrate for cucumber cultivation.By principle component analysis,it was revealed that the highest comprehensive score was achieved under the G_(30) treatment,which was followed by the G_(15) treatment,while the comprehensive score of G_(50),G_(75),G_(100) treatments was negative.In general,adding 30%phosphogypsum into wine residue and corn straw composting showed the best performance when used as the matrix,while excessive addition of phosphogypsum would cause negative effect.

关 键 词：磷石膏 葡萄酒渣 堆肥 基质化利用 

分 类 号：S141.4[农业科学—肥料学]