回收目标责任制下闭环供应链的定价及以旧换新策略研究  

Pricing and Trade-in Strategy of Closed-loop Supply Chain under the Recycling Target Responsibility System

作　　者：王竟竟 许民利[2] Wang Jingjing;Xu Minli(School of business administration,Hunan University of Finance and Economics,Changsha 410000,China;School of business,Central South University,Changsha 410000,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南财政经济学院工商管理学院,湖南长沙410000 [2]中南大学商学院,湖南长沙410000

出　　处：《中国管理科学》2024年第11期298-311,共14页Chinese Journal of Management Science

基　　金：湖南省自然科学基金青年项目(2023JJ40105);湖南省社会科学成果评审委员会一般项目(XSP2023GLZ002);湖南省教育厅科学研究资助项目(22B0910)。

摘　　要：在“碳达峰”和“碳中和”的双碳目标背景下,鼓励生产企业实施回收目标责任制是助力家电企业实现双碳目标的重要途径之一。基于此,本文研究了回收目标责任制下闭环供应链的最优决策及以旧换新策略选择问题,考虑了回收目标责任制对制造商的回收约束,构建了制造商实施以旧换新、制造商将以旧换新外包给零售商、制造商将以旧换新中的旧产品回收外包给回收商三个博弈模型,通过对不同模型下均衡解的对比分析,获得的研究结论如下:首先,实施回收目标责任制时,一旦目标回收率的值大于某个阈值,无论何种以旧换新模式下,制造商、零售商和供应链的利润都会呈现出快速下降的趋势。即使回收旧产品需要投入的固定成本可以忽略不计,回收目标责任制对供应链及其成员来说总是不利的,因此,政府有必要采取降低税费或者提供补贴的方式对完成回收目标的企业进行激励。其次,对新客户而言,无回收目标责任制或者目标回收率较小时,制造商将以旧换新外包给回收商时对新客户最有利,当目标回收率较大时,制造商实施以旧换新对新客户最有利。对现有客户而言,制造商实施以旧换新对现有客户总是最有利的,制造商将以旧换新外包给回收商总是最不利的。最后,从供应链绩效来看,实施回收目标责任制时,最优的以旧换新策略模式为制造商实施以旧换新,当制造商面临大额固定投资成本投入不愿意实施以旧换新时,零售商可以为制造商承担部分成本,从而使所有供应链成员都受益。In recent years,with the continuous improvement of economic and social development level,China has become the world's largest manufacturing base and consumer of home appliances.With the continuous expansion of China's household appliance market,the problem of waste household appliance recycling has become increasingly prominent.Under the dual carbon goals of“carbon peaking”and“carbon neutrality”,it is an important way to encourage production enterprises to implement the recycling target responsibility system,which can help home appliance companies achieve the dual carbon goals.At the same time,the implementation of trade-in strategy can make a good connection between the sales end and the recycling end,so providing trade-in service is an important way for manufacturing enterprises to achieve the recycling goal.However,in the context of the recycling target responsibility system,on the one hand,the decisions of new product production and old product recycling in the supply chain will be greatly affected when the collection target is constrained;on the other hand,the decision problem of trade-in strategy in the supply chain is changed from who should carry out the trade-in strategy to how should the manufacturer carry out the trade-in strategy.Based on this,the optimal decisions of closed-loop supply chain under the recycling target responsibility system and the manufacturer's trade-in strategy selection are studied in this paper.First,a closed-loop supply chain consisting of a manufacturer,a retailer and a recycler is considered in the paper.Then,based on the recycling constraints imposed on the manufacturer by the target recovery rate,the following three scenarios are explored:the manufacturer implements the trade-in service,the manufacturer outsources the trade-in service to the retailer,and the manufacturer outsources the recycling of the used product in the trade-in service to the recycler.In order to meet the actual situation,the model of wholesale price of new products and transfer price of old produ

关 键 词：回收目标责任制 以旧换新 定价 闭环供应链 

分 类 号：F270[经济管理—企业管理]