200份小麦种质品质性状及醇溶蛋白遗传多样性分析  

Genetic Diversity Analysis of Quality Traits and Gliadin in 200 Wheat Germplasm Resources

作　　者：韩雪 杨丹丹 孔欣欣 赵鹏飞 金建猛 苏亚中 赵国轩 赵国建 Han Xue;Yang Dandan;Kong Xinxin;Zhao Pengfei;Jin Jianmeng;Su Yazhong;Zhao Guoxuan;Zhao Guojian(Kaifeng Academy of Agriculture and Forestry,Kaifeng 475000,Henan,China)

机构地区：[1]开封市农林科学研究院,河南开封475000

出　　处：《作物杂志》2024年第6期61-70,共10页Crops

基　　金：河南省现代农业产业技术体系(Z2010-01-07);开封市科技发展计划项目重点研发专项:高产稳产绿色小麦新品种选育与应用(22ZDYF009)。

摘　　要：为评价不同小麦品种(系)品质性状的关系及差异,探讨小麦醇溶蛋白的遗传多样性,以200份小麦品种(系)为研究对象,对8个小麦品质性状,包括蛋白含量(GPC)、湿面筋含量(WGC)、吸水率(WA)、粉质延伸度(FE)、沉降值(SV)、最大拉伸阻力(MR)、稳定时间(ST)和形成时间(DT)进行考察分析,并利用酸性聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(A-PAGE)技术鉴定分析其醇溶蛋白多样性。结果表明,8个品质性状均存在广泛变异(变异系数5.08%~58.18%),变异系数最大的是稳定时间,最小的是吸水率。8个品质性状间存在不同程度的相关性,蛋白含量与湿面筋含量相关性最强(0.98),湿面筋含量与吸水率相关性最弱(-0.01)。对8个品质性状进行聚类分析,将200份材料分为3大类群,其中类群Ⅰ包含17份小麦材料,类群Ⅱ包含71份,类群Ⅲ包含112份。200份材料共分离出5273条醇溶蛋白谱带,谱带出现频率变异范围为29.0%~89.0%;20 100个醇溶蛋白遗传相似系数变异范围为0.15~1.00,其中周麦11与周麦32间的遗传相似系数最大(0.944)。以非加权组平均UPGMA法对其遗传相似系数进行聚类分析,将200个小麦品种(系)分为5类,聚类分析结果与品种系谱关系基本一致。In order to evaluate the relationship and differences in quality traits among different wheat varieties(lines)and explore the genetic diversity of gliadin in wheat,200 wheat varieties(lines)were used as research material to investigate and analyze eight wheat quality traits including grain protein content(GPC),wet gluten content(WGC),water absorption(WA),flour extensibility(FE),sedimentation value(SV),maximum tensile resistance(MR),setting time(ST),and formation time(DT).The diversity of gliadin was identified by Acid Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis(A-PAGE).The results showed that there was extensive variation(coefficients of variation were 5.08%-58.18%)in the eight quality traits,with the highest coefficient of variation for setting time and the lowest for water absorption.There were varying degrees of correlation between the eight quality traits,with the strongest correlation between grain protein content and wet gluten content(0.98),the weakest correlation between wet gluten content and water absorption(-0.01).By cluster analysis of eight quality traits,200 wheat varieties(lines)were divided into three major categories,of which Group I contained 17 wheat materials,Group II contained 71 wheat materials,and Group III contained 112 wheat materials.A total of 5273 gliadin bands were isolated from 200 wheat varieties(lines),with a frequency variation range from 29.0%to 89.0%;The genetic similarity coefficients of 20100 gliadin ranged from 0.15 to 1.00,with the highest genetic similarity coefficient between Zhoumai 11 and Zhoumai 32(0.944).Based on the cluster analysis of their genetic similarity coefficients by the UPGMA method,200 wheat varieties(lines)were divided into five categories,and the results of the cluster analysis were basically consistent with the genealogical relationships of the varieties.

关 键 词：小麦 品质性状 醇溶蛋白 相关性分析 聚类分析 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]