汉语口语叙述语篇中的链式话题结构  

Chain Topic Structures in Chinese Oral Narrative Discourse

作　　者：许立群[1] XU Liqun(the School of Chinese Language and Literature,Huaqiao University)

机构地区：[1]华侨大学华文学院

出　　处：《当代语言学》2024年第6期880-896,共17页Contemporary Linguistics

摘　　要：汉语链式话题结构在不同类型的口语叙述语篇中出现频率不同,其加强语篇连续性的机制在于“递系”关系的显现,其中显性的“递”是指说话人有意在前后语句之间凸显某种交替过程,显性的“系”是指说话人有意在前后语句之间凸显某种主观关联。在汉语口语叙述语篇中,当说话人需要表达显性的递系关系时,倾向使用链式话题结构。链式话题结构使用的基本语境类型,可以分为“时空递系”“解释递系”“推理递系”三类。这三类链式话题结构呈现出交互主观性和内在对话性依次增强的特征。The frequency of occurrence of Chinese chain topic structures varies in different types of oral narrative discourse.The chain topic structures can enhance discourse continuity,and its mechanism lies in the manifestation of dixi(serial nexus).Di‘serial’refers to how the speaker intentionally highlights a certain alternating process between the preceding and following sentences,while xi‘nexus’refers to how the speaker intentionally highlights a subjective correlation between the preceding and following sentences.In Chinese oral narrative discourse,when the speakers need to express the explicit dixi relationship,they tend to use chain topic structures,which can be divided into three categories according to the basic contextual types in use-“spatiotemporal dixi”,“explanatory dixi”,and“inferential dixi”.These three types of chain topic structures exhibit the characteristics of intersubjectivity and inner dialogicity,which are gradually enhanced.When expressing“spatiotemporal dixi”,the speaker uses chain topic structures to intentionally organize the alternating order of time or space.The connected utterances are often the spatiotemporal spans that the speaker subjectively believes need attention and have specific meanings.When using the self-questioning-and-answering chain topic structures,the discourse exhibits intersubjectivity and inner dialogicity;When expressing“explanatory dixi”,the speaker uses chain topic structures to intentionally highlight the content which the recipient is not familiar with and which the speaker needs to focus on explaining,linking the content that needs to be explained with the speaker's own explanation to demonstrate his epistemic advantage.Therefore,this type of chain topic structure can better reflect intersubjectivity and inner dialogicity.When expressing“inferential dixi”,the speaker uses chain topic structures to present the polyphonic and argumentative discourse.The speaker presents the opposing voice of the other,refutes and argues during the proces

关 键 词：链式话题结构 流水句 递系 

分 类 号：H146.3[语言文字—汉语]