视网膜胶质细胞参与青光眼视神经损害的研究进展  

Research advances of retinal glial cells involved in glaucomatous optic neuropathy

作　　者：程英 康前雁[1] Cheng Ying;Kang Qianyan(Department of Ophthalmology,The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University,Xi'an 710061,China)

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学第一附属医院眼科,西安710061

出　　处：《国际眼科纵览》2024年第6期454-459,共6页International Review of Ophthalmology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年项目(82401256);西安交通大学基本科研业务费自由探索与创新-教师类项目(xzy012024131);西安交通大学第一附属医院优秀青年医学人才培养计划(2023)。

摘　　要：视网膜胶质细胞作为重要的免疫调节细胞,其参与的神经炎症反应已成为青光眼视神经损害机制研究的关键切入点。近年来,不同类型的视网膜胶质细胞如小胶质细胞、星形胶质细胞及Müller细胞在青光眼中的作用及分子机制逐渐被揭示。视网膜胶质细胞活化是青光眼视神经损害的早期事件,发生于视网膜神经节细胞丢失之前,被认为是触发视网膜神经炎症反应的“扳机”。本文从青光眼中小胶质细胞、星形胶质细胞、Müller细胞及三者间的互作关系展开,将近期相关研究进展作一综述,为胶质细胞参与青光眼视神经损害的分子机制研究及潜在靶向治疗策略的制定提供参考。Retinal glial cells,considered as vital immunoregulatory cells,sparked widespread enthusiasm for studying on the mechanism of glaucomatous optic nerve damage via glial cell-driven neuroinflammatory response.In recent years,the important role and molecular mechanism of different types of retinal glial cells such as microglia,astrocytes and Müller cells in glaucoma progression have been gradually revealed.The activation of retinal glial cells is an early event of glaucomatous optic nerve damage,which occurs before the loss of retinal ganglion cells and is regarded as the"trigger"of retinal neuroinflammation.In this review,we make a preliminary sketch of the latest studies from the aspects of microglia,astrocytes,Müller cells and their crosstalk,thereby providing a reference for the molecular mechanism of retinal glial cells involved in glaucomatous optic nerve damage and the formulation of potential targeted treatment strategies.

关 键 词：青光眼 小胶质细胞 星形胶质细胞 MÜLLER细胞 

分 类 号：R775[医药卫生—眼科]