基于高考志愿填报影响因素的医学院校招生优化策略研究  

Optimized enrollment strategies of medical universities based on factors influencing students'selection of university in filling rank order list of College Entrance Examination

作　　者：罗友晖 侯建林 王丹 Luo Youhui;Hou Jianlin;Wang Dan(Office of Education,Peking University Health Science Center,Beijing 100191,China;Institute of Medical Education&National Center for Health Professions Education Development,Peking University,Beijing 100191,China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学医学部教育处,北京100191 [2]北京大学医学教育研究所全国医学教育发展中心,北京100191

出　　处：《中华医学教育探索杂志》2024年第11期1479-1483,共5页Chinese Journal of Medical Education Research

基　　金：北京大学2023年本科教学改革项目(JG2023130)。

摘　　要：目的从学生视角,了解他们在选择医学院校时所关注的主要因素,为优化医学院校招生工作提供参考。方法采用普查方法,对某大学2526名医学新生利用迎新系统开展在线问卷调查,问卷根据文献及招生工作实践自制,主要包括学生基本情况、选择大学与专业的主要影响因素、招生宣讲需求等内容。对所收集的数据,使用Stata SE 14.0软件进行描述性分析、卡方检验或Fisher’s确切概率法检验。结果共有2384人参加调查,问卷回收率为94.38%(2384/2526)。参与调查者选择大学时最为看重的前5位因素分别为高校综合实力、毕业生就业能力与学校就业支持、特色学科实力、大学文化、科研训练机会,选择上述因素"很重要"或"重要"的比例合计分别为94.25%(2247/2384)、90.52%(2158/2384)、89.77%(2140/2384)、89.26%(2128/2384)、88.21%(2103/2384)。与此同时,不同类型的学生看重的影响因素有所不同。结论招生策略是生源竞争的重要手段,但根基来源于学校综合实力;加强高校与高中的协作,提前对高中生进行医学职业认知宣讲与引导;关注学生对招生信息的需求,针对不同群体突出不同的宣传重点;采用符合中学生特征的宣传方式,切实提高招生宣传效果。ObjectiveTo provide evidences on optimizing enrollment work of medical universities through identifying main factors that students considered when choosing medical universities.MethodsA Web-based questionnaire survey of 2526 newly admitted health professions students were conducted by general survey.The questionnaire was self-designed according to literature and enrollment work practices,mainly including the basic information of students,the main influencing factors for choosing universities and majors,and the needs of enrollment promotion.Descriptive analysis,and Chi-square tests or Fisher's exact tests were conducted to analyze the data using Stata SE 14.0.ResultsA total of 2384 students participated in the survey,leading to a response rate of 94.38%(2384/2526).When selecting universities to study,the first five ranked factors were comprehensive strength of university,graduates'employability and university employment support,strength of distinctive disciplines,university culture,and opportunities for scientific research training.Participants who chose"very important"or"important"for these factors accounted for 94.25%(2247/2384),90.52%(2158/2384),89.77%(2140/2384),89.26%(2128/2384),and 88.21%(2103/2384),respectively.Meanwhile,different types of participants attached different importance to these factors.ConclusionsAlthough enrollment strategies play an important role in enrollment competition,their effectiveness root in comprehensive university strength.The collaboration between universities and high schools should be enhanced in order to provide lectures and guidance on high school students'cognition of medical career in advance.The focus of enrollment advertising should match information appeals of different types of students.Furthermore,methods that meet the characteristics of high school students should be utilized to substantively promote the effect of enrollment advertising.

关 键 词：医学院校 志愿填报 影响因素 招生策略 优化路径 

分 类 号：R05[医药卫生] G64[文化科学—高等教育学]