植物多样性对青藏高原东北部高寒草甸土壤有机碳的影响  

Effects of Plant Diversity on Soil Organic Carbon in Alpine Meadow in Northeastern Qinghai-Xizang Plateau

作　　者：马骏杰 陈银萍[1] 牟晓明 李玉强 张钰清 卢誉之 曹渤 MA Junjie;CHEN Yinping;MOU Xiaoming;LI Yuqiang;ZHANG Yuqing;LU Yuzhi;CAO Bo(School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering,Lanzhou Jiaotong University,Lanzhou 730000,Gansu,China;Northwest Institute of Ecological Environment and Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,Gansu,China;Key Laboratory of Strategic Mineral Resources of the Upper Yellow River,Ministry of Natural Resources,Lanzhou 730000,Gansu,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州交通大学环境与市政工程学院,甘肃兰州730000 [2]中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院,甘肃兰州730000 [3]自然资源部黄河上游战略性矿产资源重点实验室,甘肃兰州730000

出　　处：《高原气象》2025年第1期56-66,共11页Plateau Meteorology

基　　金：第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究项目(2019QZKK0305);国家自然科学基金项目(32260316)。

摘　　要：植物多样性显著影响生态系统的结构和功能,对土壤有机碳固存起至关重要作用。以往植物多样性对土壤有机碳的影响多在人工控制植物多样性条件下进行,表明高植物多样性显著促进土壤有机碳积累。而在自然草地生态系统中,植物多样性对土壤有机碳影响的研究相对薄弱。本研究选取了青藏高原东北部15个典型高寒草甸作为研究样地,通过测定植物地上及地下生物量、土壤pH值、土壤微生物量碳氮、土壤有机碳、颗粒有机碳及矿物结合态有机碳、全氮及全磷等,旨在探究自然条件下植物多样性对土壤有机碳固存的影响,为土壤碳储量的变化及草地的科学管理提供理论依据。结果表明,植物多样性显著提高了植物盖度和地上生物量(P<0.01),而对不同土层(0~20 cm和20~40 cm)地下生物量无显著影响;在0~20 cm和20~40 cm土层中,植物多样性的增加显著提高了土壤微生物量碳和有机碳含量(P<0.05),而对不同土层微生物量氮无影响;通过对土壤有机碳分组发现植物多样性和土壤矿物结合态有机碳含量呈显著正相关(P<0.01),而和土壤颗粒有机碳含量无相关性。综上,在青藏高原高寒草甸,自然条件下较高的植物多样性对土壤有机碳含量有显著促进效果,这种促进效果主要表现在矿物结合态有机碳含量的增加。本研究为草地生态系统植物多样性与土壤碳库间的相互关系提供新见解及理论基础。Plant diversity significantly affects the structure and function of ecosystems and plays a crucial role in soil organic carbon sequestration.In the past,the effects of plant diversity on soil organic carbon were mostly carried out under artificial plant diversity control,indicating that high plant diversity significantly promoted soil organic carbon accumulation.However,in natural grassland ecosystem,the research on the effect of plant diversity on soil organic carbon is relatively weak.In this study,15 typical alpine meadows in the northeastern part of the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau were selected as sample sites.By measuring plant above-ground and subsurface biomass,soil pH value,soil microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen,soil organic carbon,granular organic carbon,mineral-bound organic carbon,total nitrogen and total phosphorus,etc.,the effects of plant diversity on soil organic carbon sequestration under natural conditions were explored.It provides theoretical basis for the change of soil carbon storage and scientific management of grassland.The results showed that plant diversity significantly increased plant coverage and aboveground biomass(P<0.01),but had no significant effect on underground biomass in different soil layers(0~20 cm and 20~40 cm).In 0~20 cm and 20~40 cm soil layers,the increase of plant diversity significantly increased soil microbial biomass carbon and organic carbon contents(P<0.05),but had no effect on microbial biomass nitrogen in different soil layers.According to the classification of soil organic carbon,there was a significant positive correlation between plant diversity and soil mineral bound organic carbon content(P<0.01),but no correlation with soil particulate organic carbon content.In conclusion,in the alpine meadow of the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau,higher plant diversity under natural conditions has a significant promoting effect on soil organic carbon content,which is mainly reflected in the increase of mineral binding organic carbon content.This study provides new insights and theoret

关 键 词：植物多样性 生物量 土壤有机碳 颗粒有机碳 矿物结合态有机碳 

分 类 号：X171.1[环境科学与工程—环境科学]