新郑市3 ~ 6 岁学龄前儿童视力及屈光状态调查  

Investigation on visual acuity and refractive status of preschool children aged 3-6 years in Xinzheng city

作　　者：胡丽君 陈霞 HU Lijun;CHEN Xia(Department of Ophthalmology of Henan No.3 Provincial People’s Hospital,Zhengzhou 450006 Henan,China)

机构地区：[1]河南省直第三人民医院眼科,河南郑州450006

出　　处：《中国民康医学》2024年第24期15-17,共3页Medical Journal of Chinese People’s Health

摘　　要：目的:调查新郑市3~6岁学龄前儿童视力及屈光状态。方法:采用便利抽样法选取2021年4—6月新郑市50所幼儿园总计6060名3~6岁学龄前儿童进行横断面研究,均进行视力及屈光检查,统计并分析不同年龄、性别学龄前儿童视力异常及屈光异常检出情况。结果:6060名学龄前儿童中,共检出视力异常452名,检出率为7.46%;其中3岁组视力异常检出率最高,为8.67%,且随年龄增长,视力异常检出率呈下降趋势(P<0.05);学龄前女童视力异常检出率高于学龄前男童;单纯性远视检出率为1.47%,单纯性近视检出率为4.31%,单纯性散光检出率为1.68%,且各年龄组均以单纯性近视检出率最高。结论:新郑市6060名学龄前儿童中,视力异常检出率为7.46%,其中3岁组视力异常检出率最高,学龄前女童视力异常检出率高于学龄前男童,且各年龄组均以单纯性近视检出率最高。Objective:To investigate visual acuity and refractive status of preschool children aged 3-6 years in Xinzheng city.Methods:A total of 6060 preschool children aged 3-6 years old from 50 kindergartens in Xinzheng city from April to June 2021 were selected by using the convenient sampling method for the cross-sectional study.All of them underwent visual acuity and refractive examination.The detection of visual abnormalities and refractive abnormalities in the preschool children of different ages and genders was statistically analyzed.Results:Among the 6060 preschool children,452 cases of abnormal vision were detected with a detection rate of 7.46%.The detection rate of abnormal vision in the 3-year-old group was the highest(8.67%),and the detection rate of abnormal vision decreased with age(P<0.05).The detection rate of abnormal vision in the preschool girls was higher than that in the preschool boys.The detection rate of simple hyperopia was 1.47%;the detection rate of simple myopia was 4.31%;and the detection rate of simple astigmatism was 1.68%.The detection rate of simple myopia was the highest in all age groups.Conclusions:Among the 6060 preschool children in Xinzheng city,the detection rate of abnormal vision is 7.46%,among which the detection rate of abnormal vision in the 3-year-old group is the highest.The detection rate of abnormal vision in the preschool girls is higher than that in the preschool boys,and the detection rate of simple myopia is the highest in all age groups.

关 键 词：学龄前儿童 视力 屈光 年龄 性别 

分 类 号：R778[医药卫生—眼科]