6种微生物制剂对瘤胃甲烷排放及体外发酵的影响  

Impact of Six Microbial Agents on Rumen Methane Emission and In Vitro Fermentation

作　　者：赵馨蕊 寇琳琳 高健 王海波[1,2] 戴璐璐 冷静[3] 成艳芬 ZHAO Xinrui;KOU Linlin;GAO Jian;WANG Haibo;DAI Lulu;LENG Jing;CHENG Yanfen(College of Animal Science and Technology,Nanjing Agricultural University,Jiangsu Nanjing 210095,China;National Center for International Research on Animal Gut Nutrition,Nanjing Agricultural University,Jiangsu Nanjing 210095,China;Faculty of Animal Science and Technology,Yunnan Agricultural University,Yunnan Kunming 650201,China)

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学动物科技学院,江苏南京210095 [2]南京农业大学动物消化道营养国际联合研究中心,江苏南京210095 [3]云南农业大学动物科学技术学院,云南昆明650201

出　　处：《饲料工业》2024年第24期11-22,共12页Feed Industry

基　　金：江苏省碳达峰碳中和科技创新专项资金揭榜挂帅项目[BE2022309];2023年江苏省大学生创新创业训练计划项目-靶向瘤胃甲烷减排的微生物制剂研发项目[202310307037Z];云南省兴滇英才支持计划“创新团队”专项-云南省高原畜禽消化道营养与健康创新团队[202305AS350024]。

摘　　要：试验研究6种微生物制剂处理对湖羊瘤胃甲烷排放及体外发酵特性的影响,旨在筛选出有效降低瘤胃甲烷排放和改善瘤胃发酵性能的优势菌种及适宜添加剂量。每种菌剂分别设置对照组和3个不同浓度梯度的处理组,酵母菌:4×10^(9)、8×10^(9)、16×10^(9)CFU/g,枯草芽孢杆菌:2×10^(10)、3×10^(10)、4×10^(10)CFU/g,地衣芽孢杆菌:2×10^(11)、3×10^(11)、4×10^(11)CFU/g,乳酸菌(植物乳杆菌、布氏乳杆菌,戊糖片球菌):3×10^(6)、6×10^(6)、12×10^(6)CFU/g。体外发酵持续48 h,发酵结束后收集剩余底物及发酵液用于分析干物质降解率、pH、氨氮、微生物蛋白以及挥发性脂肪酸的含量。结果如下:与对照组相比,添加植物乳杆菌和布氏乳杆菌显著降低湖羊瘤胃甲烷排放(P<0.05);添加酵母菌、枯草芽孢杆菌和地衣芽孢杆菌显著提高总挥发性脂肪酸的含量(P<0.05)。总结来说,本试验降低甲烷排放的菌种中,6×10^(6)CFU/g的植物乳杆菌性能更优,添加2×10^(10)CFU/g的枯草芽孢杆菌最有利于改善瘤胃发酵。This experiment investigated the impact of six microbial agents on rumen methane emissions and in vitro fermentation characteristics of Hu sheep to identify dominant strains and optimal dosages that effectively reduce methane emissions and improve rumen fermentation performance.Each microbial agent had a control group and three treatment groups with different concentration gradients:yeast(4×10^(9),8×10^(9),16×10^(9)CFU/g),Bacillus subtilis(2×10^(10),3×10^(10),4×10^(10)CFU/g),Bacillus licheniformis(2×10^(11),3×10^(11),4×10^(11)CFU/g),lactic acid bacteria(Lactobacillus plantarum,Lactobacillus brevis,Pediococcus pento⁃saceus:3×10^(6),6×10^(6),12×10^(6)CFU/g).The in vitro rumen fermentation lasted for 48 hours.After fermentation,the remaining substrate and fermentation liquid were collected for analyzing dry matter degradation,pH,and concentrations of ammonia nitrogen,microbial protein,and volatile fatty acid.The results showed that adding Lactobacillus brevis and Lactobacillus plantarum significantly reduced methane emissions compared with the control group(P<0.05).Yeast,Bacillus subtilis and Bacil⁃lus licheniformis significantly improved the synthesis of volatile fatty acid(P<0.05).In summary,in this experiment,Lactobacillus plantarum at 6×10^(6)CFU/g exhibits the highest capability in reducing methane emissions,and adding Bacillus subtilis at 2×10^(10)CFU/g is most favourable for improving rumen fermentation.

关 键 词：甲烷 体外发酵 瘤胃发酵 瘤胃调控 微生物制剂 

分 类 号：S816.7[农业科学—饲料科学]