混合蛋白源替代鱼粉对花鲈(Lateolabrax maculatus)生长性能、血浆生化指标和肝脏健康的影响  

Effects of Replacing Fishmeal with Mixed Protein Source on Growth Performance,Plasma Biochemical Index and Liver Health of Spotted Seabass(Lateolabrax maculatus)

作　　者：韩丽琴 虞为[2,3] 周增太 黄小林[2] 荀鹏伟 安圣哲 宗志伦 林黑着[2] HAN Liqin;YU Wei;ZHOU Zengtai;HUANG Xiaolin;XUN Pengwei;AN Shengzhe;ZONG Zhilun;LIN Heizhao(College of Ocean,Hebei Agricultural University,Hebei Qinhuangdao 066003,China;Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Development and Utilization,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute,China Academy of Fisheries Science,Guangdong Guangzhou 510300,China;Tropical Fisheries Research and Development Center,South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Hainan Sanya 572018,China;Xiangyang Win-Plus Biotech Co.,Ltd.,Hubei Xiangyang 441200,China;School of Aquatic Sciences,Xinyang Agriculture and Forestry University,Henan Xinyang 464000,China;Guangzhou Panli Technology Development Co.,Ltd.,Guangdong Guangzhou 510310,China)

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学海洋学院,河北秦皇岛066003 [2]中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所,农业农村部南海渔业资源开发利用重点实验室,广东广州510300 [3]中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所热带水产研究开发中心,海南三亚572018 [4]襄阳维恩生物科技有限公司,湖北襄阳441200 [5]信阳农林学院水产学院,河南信阳464000 [6]广州市磐力科技发展有限公司,广东广州510310

出　　处：《饲料工业》2024年第24期54-62,共9页Feed Industry

基　　金：中国水产科学研究院中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金项目[2023TD21、2023TD55];广东省现代农业产业技术体系创新团队建设专项资金项目[2023KJ143];中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金项目[2021SD09];海南省科技专项资助[ZDYF2022XDNY349];海南省自然科学基金项目[321QN0942]。

摘　　要：为研究混合蛋白源(酶解猪血球蛋白粉、豆粕和玉米蛋白粉)替代鱼粉对花鲈生长性能、血浆生化指标和肝脏健康的影响,配制6组等氮等脂(粗蛋白约为45%、粗脂肪约为8%)饲料,以30%的鱼粉作为对照组(RF0组),在对照组基础上分别用混合蛋白源替代2.5%、5.0%、7.5%、10.0%和12.5%的鱼粉,分别记为RF1、RF2、RF3、RF4组和RF5组,分别投喂6组花鲈[初始均重(11.40±0.15)g],养殖周期56 d。结果显示:①RF1组末均重、特定生长率、增重率、溶菌酶和碱性磷酸酶活性显著高于其他各组(P<0.05),总抗氧化能力、过氧化氢酶和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性显著高于RF0组(P<0.05);②随着混合蛋白源替代鱼粉比例升高,肝体比、脏体比、肥满度、谷草转氨酶、谷丙转氨酶、微量还原型谷胱甘肽、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶和谷胱甘肽S-转移酶活性呈上升趋势,而高密度脂蛋白胆固醇呈下降趋势;③RF1、RF2和RF3组试验鱼肝脏切片相比于其他各组,脂质空泡明显改善,肝细胞结构清晰。研究表明,混合蛋白源替代2.5%的鱼粉可提高花鲈的生长性能、增强抗氧化能力、改善其免疫状态和肝脏脂质空泡化。In order to investigated the effect of mixed protein source(enzymatic hydrolysis of pig blood globulin,soya bean meal and maize protein meal)instead of fishmeal on growth performance,plasma biochemical indexes and liver health of Lateolabrax maculatus,6 groups of diets with equal nitrogen and fat(45%crude protein and 8%crude fat)were prepared,and 30%fish meal was used as control group(RF0 group).On the basis of the control group,2.5%,5.0%,7.5%,10.0%and 12.5%fish meal were replaced by mixed protein sources,which were marked as RF1,RF2,RF3,RF4 and RF5 respectively.Six groups of Lateolabrax maculatus[initial mean weight:(11.40±0.15)g]were fed respectively,and the culture period was 56 d.The results showed that:①the final average weight,specific growth rate,weight gain rate,lysozyme and alkaline phosphatase activity in the RF1 group were significantly higher than that those in other groups(P<0.05),and the total antioxidant capacity,catalase and glutathione peroxidase activities were significantly higher than those in RF0 group(P<0.05);②with the increase of the proportion of mixed protein sources replacing fishmeal,hepatosmatic index,visceral ratio,condition factor,aspartate aminotransferase,alanine aminotransferase,microamounts of reduced glutathione,glutathione peroxidase and glutathione S-transferase activities tended to increase,while high density lipoprotein cholesterol showed a decreasing trend;③compared with other groups,the liver sections of RF1,RF2 and RF3 groups showed obvious improvement of lipid vacuoles and clear structure of hepatocytes.It is shown that replacing 2.5%of fishmeal in the feed with a mixed protein source improved growth performance,antioxidant capacity,immune status and hepatic lipid vacuoles in spotted seabass.

关 键 词：花鲈 混合蛋白源 生长性能 血浆生化指标 抗氧化能力 肝脏形态学 

分 类 号：S816.32[农业科学—饲料科学]