电子游戏玩家的自由意志与道德责任  

Free Will and Moral Responsibility in Video Games

作　　者：黄远帆 Huang Yuanfan

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学人文学院哲学系,上海200240

出　　处：《新文科教育研究》2024年第4期89-99,143,共12页NEW LIBERAL ARTS EDUCATION RESEARCH

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“概念的规范性问题研究”(编号:23BZX071)阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：游戏世界似乎通过自己的规则塑造独立的语境,即“游戏魔圈”,但随着电子游戏技术的发展,“游戏魔圈”与现实世界的界限日益模糊,现实的道德规则也介入了游戏世界。我们必须解决的问题是:如何评价电子游戏玩家的道德责任。巴特尔借助法兰克福模型试图回答这个问题。他认为我们首先应该判断玩家的意志是否自由,再判断玩家是否要承担道德责任。具体来说,我们要判断玩家的价值与游戏角色的价值是否一致。吉塞尔对巴特尔观点进行了挑战,他认为法兰克福模型无法解释玩家的道德责任。事实上,巴特尔真正的问题在于他对法兰克福模型的运用是偏颇的。但这不意味着法兰克福模型本身对于解释玩家道德责任是无效的,我们仍旧可以结合法兰克福模型和德性伦理来评价玩家的道德责任。The world of games seems to shape an independent context through its own rules,known as the"magic circle".However,with the development of video games technology,the boundary between the"magic circle"and the real world has been increasingly blurred,and real-world moral rules should also intervene in the gaming world.The issue we need to address is:how should we evaluate the moral responsibility of video games players.Bartel attempts to answer this question using the Frankfurt Model.He believes that we should first assess whether the player's will is free and then decide whether to hold the player's morally responsible.Bartel seeks to address this question through the lens of the Frankfurt Model.He contends that we should first determine whether a player's will is free,and subsequently assess their moral responsibility.Specifically,it is essential to evaluate whether the player's values are congruent with those of their game character.In contrast,Kissel challenges Bartel's perspective,arguing that the Frankfurt Model falls short in elucidating players'moral responsibility.Indeed,the core issue with Bartel's argument appears to stem from his misapplication of the Frankfurt Model.However,this does not imply that the Frankfurt Model is inherently ineffective in explaining players'moral responsibility;rather,it can be effectively integrated with virtue ethics to provide a more comprehensive evaluation of such responsibility.

关 键 词：电子游戏 自由意志 道德责任 德性伦理 法兰克福模型 

分 类 号：G899[文化科学—体育学]