母亲正念对幼儿社交退缩的保护作用  

Protective effects of maternal mindfulness on social withdrawal in young children

作　　者：徐媛媛[1,2] 张亚蕊 陈天勇 XU Yuanyuan;HANG Yarui;CHEN Tanyong(Institute of Psychology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China;Department of Psychology,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;Sichuan Normal University,Chengdu 610066,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院心理研究所,北京100101 [2]中国科学院大学心理学系,北京100049 [3]四川师范大学,成都610066

出　　处：《中国心理卫生杂志》2025年第1期43-48,共6页Chinese Mental Health Journal

摘　　要：目的:探讨母亲正念对幼儿社交退缩行为的保护作用,以及正念养育、亲子关系和幼儿趋避气质在其间可能的中介作用和调节作用。方法:选取幼儿母亲605人,采用正念注意觉知量表(MAAS)、儿童社会偏好量表(CSPS)、正念养育量表(IM-P)、亲子关系量表(CPRS)、儿童气质问卷(PTQ)分别对母亲正念、社交退缩、正念养育、亲子关系、趋避气质进行评估。结果:幼儿CSPS得分与MAAS、IM-P、CPRS和PTQ得分均呈负相关(r=-0.65~-0.16,均P<0.01);IM-P和CPRS得分在MAAS与CSPS得分之间起链式中介作用(β=-0.05,P<0.01),CPRS得分在MAAS与CSPS得分之间起部分中介作用(β=-0.04,P<0.01);PTQ得分在MAAS和IM-P得分的关系中起调节作用(β=0.11,P<0.01)。结论:母亲正念不仅直接作用于社交退缩,还通过正念养育、亲子关系间接作用于社交退缩,趋避气质可调节母亲正念与正念养育之间的关系。Objective:To explore the protective effects of maternal mindfulness on social withdrawal in young children and the possible mediating effects of mindful parenting,parent-child relationships and moderating effect of approach or withdrawal temperament in it.Methods:Totally 605 mothers of kindergarteners were recruited.They were assessed with the Mindful Attention Awareness Scale(MAAS),Child Social Preference Scale(CSPS),Interpersonal Mindfulness in Parenting Scale(IM-P),Child-Parent Relationship Scale(CPRS),Parent Temperament Questionnaire(PTQ)for maternal mindfulness,social withdrawal behavior,mindful parenting,parent-child relationship and approach or withdrawal temperament respectively.Results:The CSPS scores were negatively correlated with the scores of MAAS,IM-P,CPRS,PTQ(r=-0.65--0.16,Ps<0.01).IM-P scores and CPRS scores played a chain mediating role between MAAS scores and CSPS scores(β=-0.05,P<0.01),and CPRS scores played a partial mediating role between MAAS scores and CSPS scores(β=-0.04,P<0.01).The PTQ scores moderated the relationship between MAAS scores and IM-P scores(β=0.11,P<0.01).Conclusion:It suggests that not only maternal mindfulness but also the chain mediating effect of mindful parenting and parent-child relationship could affect social withdrawal behavior in young children.The approach or withdrawal temperament could mediate the relationship between maternal mindfulness and mindful parenting.

关 键 词：母亲正念 正念养育 亲子关系 社交退缩 趋避气质 

分 类 号：B844.12[哲学宗教—发展与教育心理学] R395.6[哲学宗教—心理学]