美国“翻译中国”行动及其影响评析  

A Critical Analysis of the U.S.“Translating China”Initiative and Its Implications

作　　者：高玉霞[1] 任东升[1] GAO Yuxia;REN Dongsheng

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学外国语学院

出　　处：《当代美国评论》2024年第4期64-82,127,128,共21页Contemporary American Review

基　　金：教育部青年基金项目“美智库涉华翻译的实践、政策及中国应对研究(2017-2024)”(项目批准号:24YJC740018);国家资助博士后研究人员计划(资助编号:GZB20240698);“山东博士后科学基金”(资助编号:SDCX-RS-202400022)资助成果。

摘　　要：特朗普政府执政后,美国重启冷战时期的做法,全面实施涉华开源信息翻译工作,“翻译中国”行动在美国迅速升温。此次行动是美国在国际局势和技术变革影响下,基于对华竞争日益锐化和对华研究需求急剧上升的现实,以及冷战时期大量翻译他国文献的历史经验所作出的战略布局。参与翻译的主体包括美国官方翻译机构、智库和基金会等多方力量,各方分工合作、优势互补、资源共享。美方重点关注中国军事、科技、政治政策以及相关领域的最新进展,翻译成果通过各机构项目网站、社交媒体平台等向美国民众和英语受众公开,用于向多方提供涉华信息、培养中国问题研究人才、服务美国对华战略决策。伴随美国相关翻译项目的扩大实施以及机器翻译和数据分析技术的飞跃式变革,美国翻译、解读、分析中国开源信息的数量和速度会呈指数增长,这会导致中国信息公开与信息安全之间的矛盾加剧,网络信息安全风险剧增。美国涉华恶意翻译和解读还有可能推动美国对华舆论战、认知战升级转型,严重威胁中国总体国家安全。中国应加强开源数据安全教育,建立系统的信息公开审查和监管体系,强化开源数据安全治理。Since the Trump adminlistration's inauguration in 2017,the United States hasrevived a Cold'War-era practice by implementing extensive efforts to translate China-related open-source information.This initiative,referred to as“Translating China”,has rapidly gained momentum in America.It represents a strategic move by the U.S.,driven by a complex interplay of shifting international dynamics,technological advancements,and an increasing demand for China-related research in the context of escalating U.S.-China competition.It is also rooted in America's historical experience of extensively translating foreign documents during the Cold War.The primary participants in this initiative include U.S.govemment translation agencies,think tanks,and foundations,all working together with clearly defined roles,complementing each other's strengths,and sharing resources.Their efforts focus on translating the latest developments in China's military,technological,and political policies.The translated materials are disseminated to the American public and other English-speaking audiences via instiutional websites and social media platforms,for the purpose of providing China-related information to various stakeholders,cultivating expertise in China studies,and supporting U.S.strategic decision making regarding China.With the expansion of the U.S.translation projects and the rapid advancements in machine translation and data analytics,the volume and speed of U.S.translations,interpretations,and analyses of China's open-source information are expected to grow exponentially.Consequenly,the“Translating China”initiative is positioned to intensify tensions between China's information disclosure and information security,potentially exacerbating risks to China's cybersecurity.Moreover,biased translations or manipulations of China related information could lead to the escalation and transformation of U.S.public opinion warfare and cognitive warfare against China,posing serious threats to China's owerall national security.In response,it is e

关 键 词：“翻译中国”行动 开源信息 国家安全 中美关系 

分 类 号：H315.9[语言文字—英语] D822.371.2[政治法律—政治学]