当代中国法治社会建设中的习惯权利  

Customary Rights in the Construction of a Rule of Law Society in Contemporary China

作　　者：高其才[1] 李沁霖 GAO Qicai;LI Qinlin(School of Law,Tsinghua University;School of Law,Guangzhou College of Commerce)

机构地区：[1]清华大学法学院 [2]广州商学院法学院

出　　处：《人权法学》2024年第6期1-15,151,152,共17页Journal of Human Rights Law

摘　　要：习惯权利在法治社会建设中扮演着重要角色,它的形成和发展是一个动态过程。在当代中国法治社会建设中,习惯权利对其保障公民基本权利的需求作出了积极回应。在城乡社区治理方面,习惯权利以村规民约和居民公约为载体而逐渐形成,以满足乡民和居民进行生产、生活活动及参与基层社会治理的需要。在商事活动中,习惯权利以行业规范为基础逐渐形成,对商业行为进行规范和约束。随着法治社会建设向虚拟空间拓展,网络空间治理中也形成了以技术规范、行业标准及国际规则和标准为载体的习惯权利。法治社会对习惯权利的保障包括内在保障和外在保障两个方面的内容。习惯权利的内在保障源于其本身的良善属性,即通过社会实践和经验积累得以形成,具有一定的合理性和公正性;习惯权利的外在保障则包括社会组织的保障和国家立法保障两个方面的内容。Customary rights are rights affirmed by customary law that have formed in social life and will persist for a long time.These rights are closely linked to their economic and social environment and play a crucial role in the construction of a rule of law society in contemporary China.The development of a rule of law society provides fertile ground for the formation and evolution of customary rights.Therefore,studying and safeguarding customary rights are of positive significance for promoting the legalization of social governance and strengthening spatial governance.In terms of content,customary rights in the construction of a rule of law society in contemporary China are influenced by geographical,kinship,and industry factors,forming customary rights in urban and rural community governance,industry-based legal governance,and cyberspace governance.In urban and rural community governance,customary rights gradually form through village regulations and resident agreements to meet the needs of villagers and residents in conducting production,living,and participating in grassroots social governance.In commercial activities,customary rights are based on industry norms,regulating and constraining business behaviors while providing rights protection for practitioners.As the construction of a rule of law society extends into virtual spaces,customary rights in cyberspace governance have also developed,carried by technical norms,industry standards,and international rules and standards,providing non-state law protection for rights infringements caused by the development of information network technology.Regarding the protection of customary rights,the construction of a rule of law society in contemporary China includes both intrinsic and extrinsic protections.The intrinsic protection of customary rights stems from their inherent benevolent attributes,as they are formed through social practice and experience accumulation,possessing a certain degree of rationality and fairness.In the construction of a rule of law society,only be

关 键 词：法治社会建设 习惯权利 法律多元主义 

分 类 号：D920.1[政治法律—法学]