一株耐低温自养氨氧化细菌富集培养物的生物学特征  

Biological Characteristics of Enriched Culture of a Strain of Cryotolerant Autotrophic Ammonia-oxidizing Bacteria

作　　者：李月娜 孙富康 蔡雨衡 梅洪[1] 程凯[1] LI Yuena;SUN Fukang;CAI Yuheng;MEI Hong;CHENG Kai(School of Resource and Environmental Engineering,Hubei University of Technology,Wuhan 430068,China;Hubei Chenwei Biotechnology Co.,Ltd,Wuhan 430074,China)

机构地区：[1]湖北工业大学资源与环境工程学院,湖北武汉430068 [2]湖北宸微生物科技有限公司,湖北武汉430074

出　　处：《环境科学与技术》2024年第12期1-10,共10页Environmental Science & Technology

基　　金：国家级大学生创新创业项目(202310500020);湖北工业大学教育发展基金会项目(JJH2020068)。

摘　　要：从某市政污水处理厂中分离得到了一种亚硝化单胞菌富集物,文章研究了温度、氨氮浓度、盐度等对其氨氧化活性与生长的影响,并研究了其在黑臭河水、造纸废水、垃圾渗滤液中的低温脱氨效果。结果表明,该富集培养物中唯一的亚硝化单胞菌被命名为Nitrosomonas mobilis NZ13,该菌的丰度占比为99.85%,其16S rRNA和amoA基因序列与Nitrosomonas mobilis Nc2的相似度分别达到97.40%和99.79%。该富集培养物的最适生长温度为30℃(代时低至6.9 h),最适氨氮为200~400 mg/L,半数抑制浓度为840 mg/L,最适盐度为0.25%。该富集培养物在低至7℃下时,最大比生长速度可达0.8 d^(-1),且能够在13℃下显著提高黑臭河水、造纸废水和垃圾渗滤液中的氨氮去除率。该富集培养物既能在中温快速制备,也能在低温下稳定生长,并能促进低温污水中的氨氮去除,具有重要的应用价值。An enrichment culture of Nitrosomonas was isolated from a municipal wastewater treatment plant.And effects of temperature,NH3-N concentration,and salinity on its ammonia oxidation activity and growth were studied,along with its effectiveness of low-temperature deammonification in treating black odor river-water,pulp/paper making wastewater and landfill leachate.The sole Nitrosomonas within this enrichment culture named Nitrosomonas mobilis NZ13 accounted for 99.85%of the total bacterial abundance and 16S rRNA and amoA gene sequences of NZ13 exhibited 97.40%and 99.79%similarity,respectively,to those of Nitrosomonas mobilis Nc2.Findings of the study presented the optimal growth temperature for this enrichment culture was 30℃,with a generation time being as low as 6.9 hours;the most suitable NH3-N concentration was 200~400 mg/L,the half inhibitory concentration was 840 mg/L,and the appropriate salinity for growth was 0.25%;and at a temperature as low as 7℃,the enrichment culture reached a maximum specific growth rate of 0.8 d^(-1),being capable of sig-nificantly upgrade the NH3-N removal rate in treating black odour river-water,pulp/paper making wastewater and landfill leachate at 13℃.Summarily,the enrichment culture can either be prepared rapidly at medium temperature or grows stably at low temperature,and moreover it could promote the removing of ammonia nitrogen from low-temperature effluents,thereby is demonstrating significant application potential.

关 键 词：自养氨氧化菌 亚硝化单胞菌 比生长速度 低温 脱氨 

分 类 号：X172[环境科学与工程—环境科学]